About the Authors

Darran J. Wigelsworth

Affiliation Integrated Toxicology Division, Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Gordon Ruthel

Affiliation Core Imaging Facility, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Leonie Schnell

Affiliation Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Peter Herrlich

Affiliation Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany

Josip Blonder

Affiliation Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Timothy D. Veenstra

Affiliation Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America

Robert J. Carman

Affiliation TechLab, Inc., Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Tracy D. Wilkins

Affiliation TechLab, Inc., Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Guy Tran Van Nhieu

Affiliation Department of Intracellular Communications and Infectious Microorganisms, College of France, Paris, France

Serge Pauillac

Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Unité des Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Paris, France

Maryse Gibert

Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Unité des Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Paris, France

Nathalie Sauvonnet

Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Interactions Cellulaires, Paris, France

Bradley G. Stiles

bstiles@wilson.edu (BGS); holger.barth@uni-ulm.de (HB); mpopoff@pasteur.fr (MRP)

Affiliation Biology Department, Wilson College, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Michel R. Popoff

bstiles@wilson.edu (BGS); holger.barth@uni-ulm.de (HB); mpopoff@pasteur.fr (MRP)

Affiliation Institut Pasteur, Unité des Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Paris, France

Holger Barth

bstiles@wilson.edu (BGS); holger.barth@uni-ulm.de (HB); mpopoff@pasteur.fr (MRP)

Affiliation Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany

Competing Interests

Robert Carman and Tracy Wilkins are employed by TechLab, Inc. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DJW GR RJC NS MRP BGS HB. Performed the experiments: DJW GR LS RJC SP MG NS MRP BGS HB. Analyzed the data: DJW GR PH JB TDV RJC TDW GTVN MRP BGS HB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DJW GR PH JB TDV RJC TDW GTVN MRP BGS HB. Wrote the paper: DJW GR JB RJC MRP BGS HB.