About the Authors

Samuel O. Oyola

Current address: Malaria Genetics Group, WellcomeTrust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Affiliation Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Krystal J. Evans

Current address: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Affiliation Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Terry K. Smith

Affiliation Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom

Barbara A. Smith

Affiliation Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

James D. Hilley

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Jeremy C. Mottram

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Paul M. Kaye

Affiliation Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Deborah F. Smith

deborah.smith@york.ac.uk

Affiliation Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology/Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SOO KJE TKS JCM PMK DFS. Performed the experiments: SOO KJE TKS BAS JDH. Analyzed the data: SOO KJE TKS PMK DFS. Wrote the paper: SOO KJE TKS DFS.