About the Authors

Makoto Takahashi

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Masato Obayashi

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Taro Ishiguro

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Nozomu Sato

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Yusuke Niimi

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Kokoro Ozaki

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Kaoru Mogushi

Affiliation Information Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Yasen Mahmut

Affiliation Information Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Hiroshi Tanaka

Affiliation Information Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Fuminori Tsuruta

Current address: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Affiliation Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Fairchild Research Building, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Ricardo Dolmetsch

Affiliation Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Fairchild Research Building, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Mitsunori Yamada

Affiliations Department of Pathology, Pathological Neuroscience Branch, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Asahi-machi-dori, Niigata, Japan, Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization, Saigata National Hospital, Saigata, Ohgata-ku, Johetsu-City, Niigata, Japan

Hitoshi Takahashi

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Pathological Neuroscience Branch, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Asahi-machi-dori, Niigata, Japan

Takeo Kato

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Hematology, Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, Japan

Osamu Mori

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine and Neurology, Hatsuishi Hospital, Nishihara, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

Yoshinobu Eishi

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Hidehiro Mizusawa

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Kinya Ishikawa

pico.nuro@tmd.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KI MT. Performed the experiments: MT MO TI NS YN KO KM YM. Analyzed the data: MT KM YM H. Tanaka. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: FT RD MY H. Takahashi TK OM YE. Wrote the paper: MT HM KI.