About the Authors

Tianyao Huo

Current address: Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Rolf F. Barth

rolf.barth@osumc.edu

Affiliation Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Weilian Yang

Affiliation Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Robin J. Nakkula

Affiliation Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Rumiana Koynova

Affiliation Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Boris Tenchov

Affiliation Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Abhik Ray Chaudhury

Affiliation Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Lawrence Agius

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital and University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta

Teni Boulikas

Affiliation Regulon Inc., Mountain View, California, United States of America

Helene Elleaume

Affiliation European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France

Robert J. Lee

Affiliation Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

The neurotoxicity data relating to Lipoplatin™ is manufactured by Regulon, Inc. Dr. Teni Boulikas, a co-author of this manuscript, is Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. The authors’ data provide a very strong cautionary note regarding its intracerebral delivery. In other words, it does not support this route of administration for the drug, Lipoplatin™. Based on ongoing clinical trials, it appears to have a number of significant advantages over the free drug cisplatin, when administered intravenously. The fact that Dr. Boulikas is Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Regulon, Inc. does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Performed the experiments: TH WY RFB ARC LA RK BT. Analyzed the data: TH RFB WY RJN RK BT TB HE. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TB. Wrote the paper: RFB WY TH RK BT RJL. Contributed to the design of the experiments: TH. Carried out in vitro studies: TH RJN. Assisted in the writing of the manuscript: TH. Carried out statistical analyses: TH. Contributed to the design of in vitro and in vivo studies: RFB. Carried out neuropathologic examination of all brain sections: RFB. Wrote ∼80% of the manuscript: RFB. Contributed to the design of and carried out in vivo studies: WY. Contributed to the writing of the Materials & Methods and Results: WY. Prepared and characterized CHEMS liposomes with the advice of RJL: RK BT. Assisted in the neuropathologic examination of brain sections: ARC LA. Contributed to writing of the section on neurotoxicologic studies: ARC LA. Provided Lipoplatin™ and “hollow” Lipoplatin™ liposomes: TB. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: TB HE. Carried out studies on intracerebral convection enhanced delivery of cisplatin in tumor bearing rats which laid the groundwork for the present study: HE.