About the Authors

Deanne W. Sammond

Affiliation Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Christina M. Payne

Affiliation Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Roman Brunecky

Affiliation Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Michael E. Himmel

Affiliation Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Michael F. Crowley

Affiliation Biosciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Gregg T. Beckham

gregg.beckham@nrel.gov

Affiliations National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, United States of America, Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GTB DWS. Performed the experiments: DWS CMP RB GTB. Analyzed the data: DWS CMP RB MEH MFC GTB. Wrote the paper: DWS CMP GTB.