About the Authors

Clint L. Makino

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Xiao-Hong Wen

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiao-Hong Wen, Elena V. Olshevskaya, Igor V. Peshenko

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Elena V. Olshevskaya

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiao-Hong Wen, Elena V. Olshevskaya, Igor V. Peshenko

Affiliation Department of Basic Sciences and Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Igor V. Peshenko

Contributed equally to this work with: Xiao-Hong Wen, Elena V. Olshevskaya, Igor V. Peshenko

Affiliation Department of Basic Sciences and Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Andrey B. Savchenko

Affiliation Department of Basic Sciences and Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Alexander M. Dizhoor

adizhoor@salus.edu

Affiliation Department of Basic Sciences and Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AMD CLM. Performed the experiments: XHW EVO IVP ABS AMD. Analyzed the data: CLM XHW IVP ABS AMD. Wrote the paper: CLM AMD.