About the Authors

Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan

muthu@uark.edu

Current address: Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada

Graham S. Begg

Affiliation The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee United Kingdom

Robert H. Gulden

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada

Rene C. Van Acker

Affiliation Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RCV MVB RHG. Performed the experiments: MVB. Analyzed the data: MVB RHG GSB. Wrote the paper: MVB GSB RHG RCV. Developed the population dynamic model: GSB. Performed parameter estimation: MVB GSB. Analysed the model: GSB MVB.