About the Authors

Li Shao

Contributed equally to this work with: Li Shao, Xiaohui Fan

Affiliation Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Xiaohui Fan

Contributed equally to this work with: Li Shao, Xiaohui Fan

Affiliation Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Ningtao Cheng

Affiliation The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Leihong Wu

Affiliation Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Haoshu Xiong

Affiliation Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Hong Fang

Affiliation ICF International at NCTR/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America

Don Ding

Affiliation ICF International at NCTR/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America

Leming Shi

Affiliation National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America

Yiyu Cheng

chengyy@zju.edu.cn (YC); weida.tong@fda.hhs.gov (WT)

Affiliation Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Weida Tong

chengyy@zju.edu.cn (YC); weida.tong@fda.hhs.gov (WT)

Affiliation National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XF HF WT YC. Analyzed the data: LS (Li Shao) XF LW HX. Wrote the paper: LS (Li Shao) XF NC HF DD LS (Leming Shi) WT YC.