About the Authors

Sophie Vandermoten

Affiliations University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux, Belgium, Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Frédéric Francis

Affiliation University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux, Belgium

Eric Haubruge

Affiliation University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux, Belgium

Walter S. Leal

wsleal@ucdavis.edu

Affiliation Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SV FF EH WSL. Performed the experiments: SV. Analyzed the data: SV WSL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: FF EH WSL. Wrote the paper: WSL SV.