About the Authors

Giorgio Mangino

Contributed equally to this work with: Giorgio Mangino, Zulema A. Percario

Affiliations Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Zulema A. Percario

Contributed equally to this work with: Giorgio Mangino, Zulema A. Percario

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Gianna Fiorucci

Affiliation Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy

Gabriele Vaccari

Affiliation Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

Filippo Acconcia

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Cristiano Chiarabelli

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Stefano Leone

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Alessia Noto

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Florian A. Horenkamp

Affiliation Abteilung Physikalische Biochemie, MPI für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany

Santiago Manrique

Affiliation Abteilung Physikalische Biochemie, MPI für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany

Giovanna Romeo

Affiliation Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Fabio Polticelli

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Matthias Geyer

Affiliation Abteilung Physikalische Biochemie, MPI für Molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany

Elisabetta Affabris

affabris@uniroma3.it

Affiliation Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GM. Performed the experiments: GM ZAP GF GV FA SL AN. Analyzed the data: GM ZAP GF GV FA CC SL AN FAH SM GR FP MG EA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GM ZAP GF GV FA CC SL AN FAH SM GR FP MG EA. Wrote the paper: GM MG EA. Performed CM analysis and antiviral assays: ZAP. Performed real time assays: GF GV. Performed Nef-TRAF pull-down experiments: FA ZAP. Produced constructs expressing 4EA mutant: CC. Performed CFM experiments to evaluate Nef internalization: ZAP SL. Performed siRNA experiments: AN GM. Produced recombinant Nef proteins and performed CD and Nef/Hck-SH3 pull down assay: FAH SM MG. Performed in silico analysis of Nef-TRAFs complexes: FP. Supervised the study: EA MG GR.