About the Authors

Yumei Zhou

Affiliation Department of Forest Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China

Mai-He Li

Affiliation Tree Physiology Group, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Xu-Bing Cheng

Affiliations Department of Forest Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Cun-Guo Wang

Affiliations Department of Forest Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

A-Nan Fan

Affiliation Dalian Forest Institute, Dalian, China

Lian-Xuan Shi

Affiliation School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China

Xiu-Xiu Wang

Affiliation Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Erdao, China

Shijie Han

zhouyumei73@126.com

Affiliation Department of Forest Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YZ SH. Performed the experiments: YZ X-BC C-GW A-NF L-XS X-XW. Analyzed the data: YZ M-HL. Wrote the paper: YZ M-HL.