About the Authors

Mei-Hui Wang

Affiliation Program in Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Osvaldo Marinotti

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Anthony A. James

Affiliations Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Edward Walker

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America

John Githure

Affiliation Division of Human Health, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya

Guiyun Yan

guiyuny@uci.edu

Affiliation Program in Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MHW AAJ EDW JG GY. Performed the experiments: MHW. Analyzed the data: MHW OM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MHW JG GY. Wrote the paper: MHW OM AAJ EDW GY.