About the Authors

James J. Bull

bull@mail.utexas.edu

Affiliations Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America

William R. Harcombe

Affiliation Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Wrote the paper: JJB. Co-conceived of and co-develped the project: JJB. Developed the model and provided the analytical results: JJB WH. Conducted simulations that influenced the direction of the paper, only some of which are presented here: WH.