About the Authors

Rukia S. Kibaya

Affiliation Walter Reed Project, U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Kericho, Kenya

Christian T. Bautista

Affiliation U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Frederick K. Sawe

Affiliation Walter Reed Project, U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Kericho, Kenya

Douglas N. Shaffer

Affiliation Walter Reed Project, U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Kericho, Kenya

Warren B. Sateren

Affiliation U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Paul T. Scott

Affiliation U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Nelson L. Michael

Affiliation U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Merlin L. Robb

Affiliation U. S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America

Deborah L. Birx

Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Mark S. de Souza

desouzams@afrims.org

Affiliation Department of Retrovirology, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RSK FSS MR DLB MdS. Performed the experiments: RSK. Analyzed the data: CB WWS PTS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WWS NM DLB. Wrote the paper: RSK MdS. Critical review of the manuscript: CB DNS WWS. Served as the study physician: FSS. Provided critical input on the medical issues in the manuscript: DNS.