About the Authors

Roland Pongou

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Bright Opoku Ahinkorah

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

Marie Christelle Mabeu

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America

Arunika Agarwal

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America

Stéphanie Maltais

Roles Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of International Development and Global Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Aissata Boubacar Moumouni

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Sanni Yaya

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

sanni.yaya@uOttawa.ca

Affiliations School of International Development and Global Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. The work was not undertaken under the auspices of PHAC as part of employment responsibilities. It was conducted under the author’s other affiliation and any views expressed therein are personal opinions and not those of PHAC.