Table 1.
Key characteristics of the satellite products CCI analysis SST and CoralTemp.
Fig 1.
Top: Positions of the nine loggers in Belize (a) and Florida Keys (b) indicated by their initials (full names in Table 2). (c) CCI analysis SST minus CoralTemp means, (d) ratio of CCI analysis SST SD over CoralTemp SD, (e) SD of the difference CCI analysis SST minus CoralTemp for the common period (1985–2022) at the Caribbean area, and (f) CCI analysis SST uncertainty of the mean field over the same period. Source of the basemap shapefile: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/50m-natural-earth-2/50m-natural-earth-ii-with-shaded-relief-and-water/.
Table 2.
Temporal span and locations for all nine sites used in this study.
Fig 2.
Top: Timeseries of mean Caribbean CCI analysis SST minus CoralTemp with 2*CCI analysis SST spatial mean uncertainty range for the period 1985–2022.
Bottom: Time and magnitude of the mean difference when it exceeds the confidence interval.
Fig 3.
Differences of daily anomalies from the monthly climatologies (1985–2012) CCI analysis SST minus CoralTemp at the six sites as subplot titles.
The rest of the sites showed similar or smaller differences between CCI analysis SST and CoralTemp.
Fig 4.
Daily anomalies from the monthly climatology used by CRW (1985–2012) at four sites (as in subplot titles) with the linear trend lines of CCI analysis SST (blue) and CoralTemp (green) superimposed.
The rest of the sites showed similar or smaller differences between CCI analysis SST and CoralTemp trends.
Table 3.
Annual trends and 95% C.I. as observed by CCI analysis SST and CoralTemp for the period 1985–2022 at the four sites shown in Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Boxplots of daily mean temperature differences (satellite minus logger) for the period of available logger data at the nine sites shown in the x axis.
The number of days is shown at the top axis for each site.
Table 4.
Statistics of satellite minus logger data at the nine sites.
Fig 6.
Annual cycle of daily differences (SST product—in-situ), aggregated monthly for the period of available logger data at each site (as subplot title) of CCI analysis SST (blue) and CoralTemp (red).
Fig 7.
Time series of monthly differences (satellite minus logger) at four sites in Florida with the longest records and for the periods of available logger observations.
The red, horizontal, dashed lines indicate differences over 1°C, considered as threshold for coral bleaching.
Fig 8.
(a,c,e) Monthly climatologies for the period of available logger observations (2009–2021) from the two satellite and the logger data at the three sites with the most observations as subplot titles. (b,d,f) Differences of daily anomalies (satellite minus logger) for CCI analysis SST and CoralTemp during the same period at the same sites.
Table 5.
Differences of satellite minus logger climatologies for January (min) and August (max) at the three sites.
Mean, SD and metrics for coral bleaching of the daily anomaly differences between the two products and the loggers. Potential HotSpots and DHWs are not exactly the metrics used by CRW as the differences are derived from the climatology for the period (2009–2021).