Contamination of groundwater with sulfamethoxazole and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya

• Kellen J. Karimi ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: kkarimi@uonbi.ac.ke

  Affiliations Department of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7064-8003

  ⨯
• Elijah Ngumba,

  Roles Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-3898

  ⨯
• Aijaz Ahmad,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

  ⨯
• Adriano G. Duse,

  Roles Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

  ⨯
• Daniel Olago,

  Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Earth and Climate Science, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  ⨯
• Stanley N. Ndwigah,

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  ⨯
• Mutuku A. Mwanthi,

  Roles Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  ⨯
• Richard Ayah,

  Roles Supervision

  Affiliation Department of Public and Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3723-3559

  ⨯
• Simeon Dulo

  Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  ⨯