Possibility for reverse zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to free-ranging wildlife: A case study of bats

• Kevin J. Olival ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kevin J. Olival, Paul M. Cryan

  * E-mail: olival@ecohealthalliance.org (KJO); cryanp@usgs.gov (PMC)

  Affiliation EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3211-1875

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• Paul M. Cryan ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Kevin J. Olival, Paul M. Cryan

  * E-mail: olival@ecohealthalliance.org (KJO); cryanp@usgs.gov (PMC)

  Affiliation US Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894

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• Brian R. Amman,

  Affiliation US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-2361

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• Ralph S. Baric,

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-8701

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• David S. Blehert,

  Affiliation US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-9760

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• Cara E. Brook,

  Affiliation Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-073X

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• Charles H. Calisher,

  Affiliation Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America

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• Kevin T. Castle,

  Affiliation Wildlife Veterinary Consulting, Livermore, Colorado, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-2853

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• Jeremy T. H. Coleman,

  Affiliation US Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, Massachusetts, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-947X

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• Peter Daszak,

  Affiliation EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-5695

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• Jonathan H. Epstein,

  Affiliation EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-9301

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• Hume Field,

  Affiliations EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America, Bat Conservation International, Austin, Texas, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-7002

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• Winifred F. Frick,

  Affiliations School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-1839

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• Amy T. Gilbert,

  Affiliation US Department of Agriculture, National Wildlife Research Center, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8256-0081

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• David T. S. Hayman,

  Affiliation School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0087-3015

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• Hon S. Ip,

  Affiliation US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533

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• William B. Karesh,

  Affiliation EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-2860

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• Christine K. Johnson,

  Affiliation One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

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• Rebekah C. Kading,

  Affiliation Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4996-915X

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• Tigga Kingston,

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-5352

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• Jeffrey M. Lorch,

  Affiliation US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

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• Ian H. Mendenhall,

  Affiliation Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4250-6459

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• Alison J. Peel,

  Affiliation Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-3550

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• Kendra L. Phelps,

  Affiliation EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-4802

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• Raina K. Plowright,

  Affiliation Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America

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• DeeAnn M. Reeder,

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-2012

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• Jonathan D. Reichard,

  Affiliation US Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, Massachusetts, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4792-2868

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• Jonathan M. Sleeman,

  Affiliation US Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-6125

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• Daniel G. Streicker,

  Affiliations Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom

  http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7475-2705

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• Jonathan S. Towner,

  Affiliation US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

  http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-3049

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•  [ ... ],
• Lin-Fa Wang

  Affiliation Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore

  http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2752-0535

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