About the Authors

Jie Qian

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America

Shobha Mummalaneni

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America

James Larsen

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America

John R. Grider

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America

Andrew I. Spielman

Roles Methodology, Resources

Affiliation NYU College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States of America

Mehmet Hakan Özdener

Roles Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

Vijay Lyall

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

vijay.lyall@vcuhelth.org

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.