About the Authors

Rudo Simeon

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Mengqiu Jiang

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Ana M. Chamoun-Emanuelli

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Hua Yu

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, United Sates of America

Yongrong Zhang

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, United Sates of America

Ran Meng

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Zeyu Peng

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Joanita Jakana

Roles Data curation

Affiliation National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Junjie Zhang

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

junjiez@tamu.edu (JZ); hfeng@umaryland.edu (HF); zchen4@tamu.edu (ZC)

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Hanping Feng

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

junjiez@tamu.edu (JZ); hfeng@umaryland.edu (HF); zchen4@tamu.edu (ZC)

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, United Sates of America

Zhilei Chen

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

junjiez@tamu.edu (JZ); hfeng@umaryland.edu (HF); zchen4@tamu.edu (ZC)

Affiliation Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The Texas A&M University and the University of Maryland have submitted a patent application on the anti-toxin DARPins reported in this study.