About the Authors

Aihua Yin

Contributed equally to this work with: Aihua Yin, Bing Li, Mingyong Luo

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Bing Li

Contributed equally to this work with: Aihua Yin, Bing Li, Mingyong Luo

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Mingyong Luo

Contributed equally to this work with: Aihua Yin, Bing Li, Mingyong Luo

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Longchang Xu

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Li Wu

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Liang Zhang

Affiliation BioChain (Beijing) Science and Technology Inc., Beijing, China

Yuanzhu Ma

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Tingting Chen

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Shuang Gao

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Juqing Liang

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Hao Guo

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Danqing Qin

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Jicheng Wang

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Tenglong Yuan

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Yixia Wang

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Wei-wei Huang

Affiliation BioChain (Beijing) Science and Technology Inc., Beijing, China

Wen-Fei He

Affiliation BioChain (Beijing) Science and Technology Inc., Beijing, China

Yanxia Zhang

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Chang Liu

Affiliations Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Maternal and Children Metabolic-Genetic Key Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Sujian Xia

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Qingshan Chen

Affiliation Department of Health Statistics, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Qingguo Zhao

Affiliations Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, Department of Healthcare, Guangdong Women And Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Xiaozhuang Zhang

zhangxiaozhuang55@126.com

Affiliation Thalassemia Diagnosis Centre, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: XZZ AHY BL QGZ. Performed the experiments: AHY BL QGZ LCX LW YM TTC SG MYL JQL HG DQQ JCW TLY YXW YXZ CL. Analyzed the data: XZZ AHY BL QGZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LZ WH WFH QSC SJX. Wrote the paper: XZZ AHY BL QGZ.