About the Authors

Ping Liu

Contributed equally to this work with: Ping Liu, Yi Liu

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China

Yi Liu

Contributed equally to this work with: Ping Liu, Yi Liu

Affiliation Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China

Jianning Wang

Affiliation Department of Periodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China

Yang Guo

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China

Yujie Zhang

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China

Shuiqing Xiao

shqxiao@126.com

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SX YL. Performed the experiments: PL YG YZ. Analyzed the data: PL JW YG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JW YG YZ. Wrote the paper: PL YL SX.