About the Authors

Li Liang

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Diana Leng

Affiliation Alexander von Humboldt Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Chad Burk

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Rie Nakajima-Sasaki

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Matthew A. Kayala

Affiliations Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Vidya L. Atluri

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Jozelyn Pablo

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Berkay Unal

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Thomas A. Ficht

Affiliation Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University and Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas, United States of America

Eduardo Gotuzzo

Affiliation Alexander von Humboldt Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

Mayuko Saito

Affiliation Asociacion Benefica PRISMA, Lima, Peru

W. John W. Morrow

Affiliation Antigen Discovery, Inc., Irvine, California, United States of America

Xiaowu Liang

Affiliation Antigen Discovery, Inc., Irvine, California, United States of America

Pierre Baldi

Affiliations Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Robert H. Gilman

Affiliation Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Joseph M. Vinetz

jvinetz@ucsd.edu (JMV); rmtsolis@ucdavis.edu (RMT); pfelgner@uci.edu (PLF)

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Renée M. Tsolis

jvinetz@ucsd.edu (JMV); rmtsolis@ucdavis.edu (RMT); pfelgner@uci.edu (PLF)

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Philip L. Felgner

jvinetz@ucsd.edu (JMV); rmtsolis@ucdavis.edu (RMT); pfelgner@uci.edu (PLF)

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Antigen Discovery, Inc., Irvine, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

PLF is an inventor on patent applications pertaining to this work and owns stock in a company (Anitigen Discovery Inc.) that has licensed the technology. XL is an inventor on patent applications pertaining to this work and is employed at a company (Anitigen Discovery Inc.) that has licensed the technology. WJWM is employed at company (Anitigen Discovery Inc.) that has licensed technology pertaining to this work.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LL CB WJWM XL JMV RMT PLF. Performed the experiments: LL DL CB RNS VLA JP BU. Analyzed the data: LL CB MAK PLF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DL MAK TAF EG MS PB RHG JMV RMT. Wrote the paper: LL MAK JMV RMT PLF.