Elevational Ranges of Birds on a Tropical Montane Gradient Lag behind Warming Temperatures

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

German Forero-Medina,

Affiliation Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
⨯
John Terborgh,

Affiliations Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Duke University Center for Tropical Conservation, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
⨯
S. Jacob Socolar,

Affiliation Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, United States of America
⨯
Stuart L. Pimm

* E-mail: stuartpimm@me.com

Affiliation Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
⨯

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Birds
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Isomorphous replacement
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Climate change
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Monte Carlo method
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Diet
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Forests
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Species extinction
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Temperature gradients
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