About the Authors

Tim Holm Jakobsen

Affiliation Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Martin Asser Hansen

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Peter Østrup Jensen

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Lars Hansen

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Leise Riber

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

April Cockburn

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Mette Kolpen

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Christine Rønne Hansen

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Winnie Ridderberg

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Steffen Eickhardt

Affiliation Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Marlene Hansen

Affiliation Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Peter Kerpedjiev

Affiliation Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Morten Alhede

Affiliations Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Klaus Qvortrup

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, CFIM, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Mette Burmølle

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Claus Moser

Affiliation Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Michael Kühl

Affiliations Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Helsingør, Denmark, Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Oana Ciofu

Affiliation Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Michael Givskov

Affiliations Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Søren J. Sørensen

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Niels Høiby

Affiliations Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Thomas Bjarnsholt

tbjarnsholt@sund.ku.dk

Affiliations Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: THJ MAH PØJ LH LR AC MK WR CRH SE MH PK MA KQ MB CM MK OC MG SJS NH TB. Performed the experiments: THJ MAH PØJ LR AC WR MK SE MH PK MA KQ OC TB. Analyzed the data: THJ MAH PØJ LH LR AC WR MK CRH SE MH PK MA KQ MB CM MK OC MG SJS NH TB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAH PØJ KQ MK OC MG SJS TB. Wrote the manuscript: THJ MAH PØJ LH LR AC WR MK CRH SE MH PK MA KQ MB CM MK OC MG SJS NH TB.