About the Authors
- Keith M. Godfrey
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Affiliations Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Guttorm Haugen
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* E-mail: guttorm.haugen@ous-hf.no
Affiliations Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Torvid Kiserud
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Affiliations Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Hazel M. Inskip
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Cyrus Cooper
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Affiliations Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Nicholas C. W. Harvey
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Sarah R. Crozier
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Sian M. Robinson
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Lucy Davies
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- the Southampton Women's Survey Study Group
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Affiliation Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Mark A. Hanson
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Affiliations Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: KMG TK MAH. Performed the experiments: GH KMG HMI SMR CC NCWH. Analyzed the data: SRC LD KMG. Wrote the paper: KMG MAH TK GH.