About the Authors

Nopporn Chutiwitoonchai

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Masateru Hiyoshi

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Philip Mwimanzi

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Takamasa Ueno

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Akio Adachi

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan

Hirotaka Ode

Affiliation Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Hironori Sato

Affiliation Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

Oliver T. Fackler

Affiliation Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

Seiji Okada

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Shinya Suzu

ssuzu06@kumamoto-u.ac.jp

Affiliation Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NC SS. Performed the experiments: NC MH HO HS OF PM. Analyzed the data: NC SO SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TU AA. Wrote the paper: NC SS.