About the Authors

Daniel Rittschof

ritt@duke.edu

Affiliation MSC Division, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America

Beatriz Orihuela

Affiliation MSC Division, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America

Tilmann Harder

Affiliation Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Shane Stafslien

Affiliation Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America

Bret Chisholm

Affiliation Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America

Gary H. Dickinson

Current address: Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Affiliation MSC Division, Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Beaufort, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DR BO TH GHD. Performed the experiments: GHD DR BO SS BC TH. Analyzed the data: GHD BO DR TH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: BO GHD DR TH SS BC. Wrote the paper: GHD DR BO SS BC TH.