About the Authors

Qian Han

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Haizhen Ding

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Howard Robinson

Affiliation Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, United States of America

Bruce M. Christensen

Affiliation Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jianyong Li

lij@vt.edu

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: QH BMC JL. Performed the experiments: QH HD HR JL. Analyzed the data: QH HR JL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: QH HR JL. Wrote the paper: QH BMC JL.