About the Authors

Cheng-Yeu Wu

Contributed equally to this work with: Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel

Affiliations Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China, Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China

Jan Martel

Contributed equally to this work with: Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel

Affiliations Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China

David Young

Affiliations Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

John D. Young

dingeyoung@hotmail.com

Affiliations Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taiwan, Republic of China, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America, Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Mingchi University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JDY. Performed the experiments: CYW JM DY. Analyzed the data: CYW JM DY JDY. Wrote the paper: JM DY JDY.