This pathogen has become the most common cause of bacterial spot disease of tomato in hot and humid environments worldwide. Fruit symptoms consist of upraised, scabby lesions that become sunken as the fruit matures, while foliar symptoms consist of small necrotic lesions on leaves, stems, and petioles. When weather conditions favor rapid disease development, the necrotic tissues within the center of leaf lesions will often collapse, producing a distinct shot hole pattern. Timilsina et al. 2025
Image Credit: Gary E. Vallad
Pearls
Achromobacter spp.: Emerging pathogens in the cystic fibrosis lung
PLOS Pathogens: published April 22, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013067
Staphylococcus aureus SspA (V8 protease): New skin pathogenesis insights into an old enzyme
PLOS Pathogens: published April 24, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013048
Tailoring mRNA lipid nanoparticles for antifungal vaccines
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013091
Pathogenic potential of polyextremotolerant fungi in a warming world
PLOS Pathogens: published April 30, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013102
Reviews
Phage therapy for Klebsiella pneumoniae: Understanding bacteria–phage interactions for therapeutic innovations
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012971
Influenza A virus RNA localisation and the interceding trafficking pathways of the host cell
PLOS Pathogens: published April 23, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013090
Leveraging microphysiological systems to expedite understanding of host–parasite interactions
PLOS Pathogens: published April 24, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013088
Research Articles
GS143, an inhibitor of E3 ligase β-TrCP, reverses HIV-1 latency without activating T cells via unconventional activation of NFκB
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013018
DHX15 inhibits mouse APOBEC3 deamination
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013045
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Kaposi Sarcoma
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012233
Heat shock protein 90 is a chaperone regulator of HIV-1 latency
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012524
Salmonella Typhi serine threonine kinase T4519 induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization by manipulating Toll-like receptor 2-Cystatin B-Cathepsin B-NF-κB-reactive oxygen species pathway and promotes survival within human macrophages
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013041
ATP depletion in anthrax edema toxin pathogenesis
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013017
Genetically distinct within-host subpopulations of hepatitis C virus persist after Direct-Acting Antiviral treatment failure
PLOS Pathogens: published April 1, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012959
NbPIRIN promotes the protease activity of papain-like cysteine protease NbRD21 to inhibit Chinese wheat mosaic virus infection
PLOS Pathogens: published April 2, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013037
ExoS effector in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hyperactive Type III secretion system mutant promotes enhanced Plasma Membrane Rupture in Neutrophils
PLOS Pathogens: published April 2, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013021
The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Europe, 1998–2019
PLOS Pathogens: published April 3, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012945
Vibrio cholerae cytolysin induces pro-inflammatory and death signals through novel TLR assembly
PLOS Pathogens: published April 4, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013033
Intact HIV DNA decays in children with and without complete viral load suppression
PLOS Pathogens: published April 4, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013003
Proximity interactome of alphavirus replicase component nsP3 includes proviral host factors eIF4G and AHNAK
PLOS Pathogens: published April 7, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013050
ADAR1 p150 prevents HSV-1 from triggering PKR/eIF2α-mediated translational arrest and is required for efficient viral replication
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012452
Chlamydial protease-like activity factor targets SLC7A11 for degradation to induce ferroptosis and facilitate progeny releases
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013060
Capture of fusion-intermediate conformations of SARS-CoV-2 spike requires receptor binding and cleavage at either the S1/S2 or S2’ site
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012808
N6-methyladenosine modification of the subgroup J avian leukosis viral RNAs attenuates host innate immunity via MDA5 signaling
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013064
HOPS/CORVET tethering complexes are critical for endocytosis and protein trafficking to invasion related organelles in malaria parasites
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013053
Identification of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa AgtR-CspC-RsaL pathway that controls Las quorum sensing in response to metabolic perturbation and Staphylococcus aureus
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013054
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A targeted CRISPR screen identifies ETS1 as a regulator of HIV-1 latency
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012467
A positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus acquired a negative-sense open reading frame through recombination
PLOS Pathogens: published April 8, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013015
Genome-wide analysis of fitness determinants of Staphylococcus aureus during growth in milk
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013080
Fusaric acid-mediated S-glutathionylation of MaAKT1 channel confers the virulence of Foc TR4 to banana
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013066
The splicing factor kinase, SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) is essential for late events in the human papillomavirus life cycle
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012697
Live-cell RNA imaging with the inactivated endonuclease Csy4 enables new insights into plant virus transport through plasmodesmata
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013049
Diversification of an emerging bacterial plant pathogen; insights into the global spread of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013036
IL-6 trans-signaling mediates cytokine secretion and barrier dysfunction in hantavirus-infected cells and correlates to severity in HFRS
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013042
The dual functions of the GTPase BipA in ribosome assembly and surface structure biogenesis in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013047
Modularization of the type II secretion gene cluster from Xanthomonas euvesicatoria facilitates the identification of a structurally conserved XpsCLM assembly platform complex
PLOS Pathogens: published April 9, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013008
Disrupting the OTUD4-USP7 deubiquitinase complex to suppress herpesvirus replication: a novel antiviral strategy
PLOS Pathogens: published April 10, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013052
Efflux pumps and membrane permeability contribute to intrinsic antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus
PLOS Pathogens: published April 10, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013027
Mystique, a broad host range Acinetobacter phage, reveals the impact of culturing conditions on phage isolation and infectivity
PLOS Pathogens: published April 10, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012986
Structural basis and mode of action for two broadly neutralizing nanobodies targeting the highly conserved spike stem-helix of sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-2 and its variants
PLOS Pathogens: published April 11, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013034
An anticipatory mechanism enhances the cooperative behaviors of quorum sensing mutants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PLOS Pathogens: published April 15, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013046
Listeria monocytogenes requires phosphotransferase systems to facilitate intracellular growth and virulence
PLOS Pathogens: published April 15, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012492
Gut commensal bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus exacerbates helminth-induced cardiac fibrosis through succinate accumulation
PLOS Pathogens: published April 16, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013069
Expansion of myeloid suppressor cells and suppression of Lassa virus-specific T cells during fatal Lassa fever
PLOS Pathogens: published April 17, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013111
HIV-associated penile anaerobes disrupt epithelial barrier integrity
PLOS Pathogens: published April 17, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013094
Heat shock factor 2 regulates oncogenic gamma-herpesvirus gene expression by remodeling the chromatin at the ORF50 and BZLF1 promoter
PLOS Pathogens: published April 17, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013108
RNF149 modulates the type I IFN innate antiviral immune responses through degrading IRF3
PLOS Pathogens: published April 17, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013051
Activity-based protein profiling reveals both canonical and novel ubiquitin pathway enzymes in Plasmodium
PLOS Pathogens: published April 18, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013032
Expanding kinetoplastid genome annotation through protein structure comparison
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013120
Viral piracy of host RNA phosphatase DUSP11 by avipoxviruses
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013101
The molecular basis for DNA-binding by competence T4P is distinct in a representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative species
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013128
Intranasal parainfluenza virus-vectored vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of Delta or Omicron B.1.1.529 induces mucosal and systemic immunity and protects hamsters against homologous and heterologous challenge
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012585
RNA helicases, DDX5 and DDX17, facilitate lytic reactivation of gammaherpesviruses
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013009
Mitochondrial hyperactivity and reactive oxygen species drive innate immunity to the yellow fever virus-17D live-attenuated vaccine
PLOS Pathogens: published April 21, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012561
Quantifying prevalence and risk factors of HIV multiple infection in Uganda from population-based deep-sequence data
PLOS Pathogens: published April 22, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013065
Neuregulin-1 prevents death from a normally lethal respiratory viral infection
PLOS Pathogens: published April 23, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013124
Lysosome and plasma membrane Piezo channels of Trypanosoma cruzi are essential for proliferation, differentiation and infectivity
PLOS Pathogens: published April 23, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013105
Vacuolar sterol β-glucosidase EGCrP2/Sgl1 deficiency in Cryptococcus neoformans: Dysfunctional autophagy and Mincle-dependent immune activation as targets of novel antifungal strategies
PLOS Pathogens: published April 24, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013089
Evolution of Escherichia coli strains under competent or compromised adaptive immunity
PLOS Pathogens: published April 24, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012442
Astrocyte-derived complement C3 facilitated microglial phagocytosis of synapses in Staphylococcus aureus-associated neurocognitive deficits
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013126
The Emerging Fungal Pathogen Candida auris Induces IFNγ to Colonize the Skin
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013114
In depth sequencing of a serially sampled household cohort reveals the within-host dynamics of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 and rare selection of novel spike variants
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013134
Variable rates of SARS-CoV-2 evolution in chronic infections
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013109
EV-D68 cleaves LARP1 and PABPC1 by 3Cpro to redirect host mRNA translation machinery toward its genomic RNA
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013098
HIV-1 cell-to-cell infection of macrophages escapes type I interferon and host restriction factors, and is resistant to antiretroviral drugs
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013130
Regulation of diel locomotor activity and retinal responses of Anopheles stephensi by ingested histamine and serotonin is temperature- and infection-dependent
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013139
Deposition of complement regulators on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites depends on the immune status of the host
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013107
ves1α genes expression is the major determinant of Babesia bovis-infected erythrocytes cytoadhesion to endothelial cells
PLOS Pathogens: published April 28, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012583
Toxoplasma gondii chronic infection decreases visceral nociception through peripheral opioid receptor signaling
PLOS Pathogens: published April 29, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013106
Inter-kingdom signaling by the Legionella autoinducer LAI-1 involves the antimicrobial guanylate binding protein GBP
PLOS Pathogens: published April 29, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013026
Rice stripe mosaic virus M protein antagonizes G-protein-induced antiviral autophagy in insect vectors
PLOS Pathogens: published April 29, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013070
Corrections
Correction: Long noncoding RNA MARL regulates antiviral responses through suppression miR-122-dependent MAVS downregulation in lower vertebrates
PLOS Pathogens: published April 7, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013059
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Correction: Circular RNA circDtx1 regulates IRF3-mediated antiviral immune responses through suppression of miR-15a-5p-dependent TRIF downregulation in teleost fish
PLOS Pathogens: published April 7, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013058
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Correction: RVFV virulence factor NSs triggers the mitochondrial MCL-1-BAK axis to activate pathogenic NLRP3 pyroptosis
PLOS Pathogens: published April 24, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013113
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Short Reports
Bacterial effector screening reveals RNF214 as a virus restriction factor in mammals
PLOS Pathogens: published April 22, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013035