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June 2022

Top left shows the unicellular parasite Trypanosoma brucei. Bottom left depicts the architecture of the “tripartite attachment complex (TAC)” that in trypanosomes connects the mitochondrial genome with the flagellum. To do so it must penetrate the two mitochondrial membranes. The right side illustrates how the TAC functions during cell division. I was inspired for this work by the famous anatomical drawings of Leonardo da Vinci, the archetypical science artist. The text should mimic the mirror hand writing da Vinci used in his anatomical and technical drawings. The picture is based on a pencil drawing by André Schneider. See Schimanski et al.

Image Credit: André Schneider

Opinion

One Health: A new definition for a sustainable and healthy future

One Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP), Wiku B. Adisasmito, Salama Almuhairi, Casey Barton Behravesh, Pépé Bilivogui, Salome A. Bukachi, Natalia Casas, Natalia Cediel Becerra, Dominique F. Charron, Abhishek Chaudhary, Janice R. Ciacci Zanella, Andrew A. Cunningham, Osman Dar, Nitish Debnath, Baptiste Dungu, Elmoubasher Farag, George F. Gao, David T. S. Hayman, Margaret Khaitsa, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Catherine Machalaba, John S. Mackenzie, Wanda Markotter, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Serge Morand, Vyacheslav Smolenskiy, Lei Zhou

Pearls

PARP14: A key ADP-ribosylating protein in host–virus interactions?

Srivatsan Parthasarathy, Anthony R. Fehr

Fashionably late: Temporal regulation of HSV-1 late gene transcription

Joseph R. Heath, Jill A. Dembowski

Pathogenic prion structures at high resolution

Byron Caughey, Heidi G. Standke, Efrosini Artikis, Forrest Hoyt, Allison Kraus

Key questions on the epigenetics of herpes simplex virus latency

Abigail L. Whitford, Anna R. Cliffe

Reviews

Rationale of using the dual chemokine receptor CCR2/CCR5 inhibitor cenicriviroc for the treatment of COVID-19

Daniel Clark Files, Frank Tacke, Alexandra O’Sullivan, Patrick Dorr, William G. Ferguson, William G. Powderly

Research Articles

The nonstructural p17 protein of a fusogenic bat-borne reovirus regulates viral replication in virus species- and host-specific manners

Ryotaro Nouda, Takahiro Kawagishi, Yuta Kanai, Masayuki Shimojima, Masayuki Saijo, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Takeshi Kobayashi

SAFA facilitates chromatin opening of immune genes through interacting with anti-viral host RNAs

Lili Cao, Yujie Luo, Xuefei Guo, Shengde Liu, Siji Li, Junhong Li, Zeming Zhang, Yingchi Zhao, Qiao Zhang, Feng Gao, Xiong Ji, Xiang Gao, Yunfei Li, Fuping You

Longitudinal kinetics of RBD+ antibodies in COVID-19 recovered patients over 14 months

Tsuf Eyran, Anna Vaisman-Mentesh, David Taussig, Yael Dror, Ligal Aizik, Aya Kigel, Shai Rosenstein, Yael Bahar, Dor Ini, Ran Tur-Kaspa, Tatyana Kournos, Dana Marcoviciu, Dror Dicker, Yariv Wine

Secretory glycoprotein NS1 plays a crucial role in the particle formation of flaviviruses

Tomokazu Tamura, Shiho Torii, Kentaro Kajiwara, Itsuki Anzai, Yoichiro Fujioka, Kisho Noda, Shuhei Taguwa, Yuhei Morioka, Rigel Suzuki, Yuzy Fauzyah, Chikako Ono, Yusuke Ohba, Masato Okada, Takasuke Fukuhara, Yoshiharu Matsuura

PRMT5 epigenetically regulates the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH to influence lipid accumulation during mycobacterial infection

Salik Miskat Borbora, Raju S. Rajmani, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy Balaji

Excessive immunosuppression by regulatory T cells antagonizes T cell response to schistosome infection in PD-1-deficient mice

Liaoxun Lu, Tianhan Li, Xinyu Feng, Zhilong Liu, Yang Liu, Tianzhu Chao, Yanrong Gu, Rong Huang, Fanghui Zhang, Le He, Binhui Zhou, Eryan Kong, Zhuangzhuang Liu, Xugang Wang, Zhijun Chen, Hui Wang, Marie Malissen, Bernard Malissen, Lichen Zhang, Yinming Liang

The RNA pseudoknots in foot-and-mouth disease virus are dispensable for genome replication, but essential for the production of infectious virus

Joseph C. Ward, Lidia Lasecka-Dykes, Chris Neil, Oluwapelumi O. Adeyemi, Sarah Gold, Niall McLean-Pell, Caroline Wright, Morgan R. Herod, David Kealy, Emma Warner, Terry Jackson, Donald P. King, Tobias J. Tuthill, David J. Rowlands, Nicola J. Stonehouse

Pertussis toxin suppresses dendritic cell-mediated delivery of B. pertussis into lung-draining lymph nodes

Nela Klimova, Jana Holubova, Gaia Streparola, Jakub Tomala, Ludmila Brazdilova, Ondrej Stanek, Ladislav Bumba, Peter Sebo

T cell stimulation remodels the latently HIV-1 infected cell population by differential activation of proviral chromatin

Birgitta Lindqvist, Bianca B. Jütte, Luca Love, Wlaa Assi, Julie Roux, Anders Sönnerborg, Tugsan Tezil, Eric Verdin, J. Peter Svensson

Maintenance and dissemination of avian-origin influenza A virus within the northern Atlantic Flyway of North America

Diann J. Prosser, Jiani Chen, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Andrew B. Reeves, Rebecca L. Poulson, Jeffery D. Sullivan, Daniel McAuley, Carl R. Callahan, Peter C. McGowan, Justin Bahl, David E. Stallknecht, Andrew M. Ramey

Fibroblast growth factor-9 expression in airway epithelial cells amplifies the type I interferon response and alters influenza A virus pathogenesis

Bradley E. Hiller, Yongjun Yin, Yi-Chieh Perng, Ítalo de Araujo Castro, Lindsey E. Fox, Marissa C. Locke, Kristen J. Monte, Carolina B. López, David M. Ornitz, Deborah J. Lenschow

A novel SNF2 ATPase complex in Trypanosoma brucei with a role in H2A.Z-mediated chromatin remodelling

Tim Vellmer, Laura Hartleb, Albert Fradera Sola, Susanne Kramer, Elisabeth Meyer-Natus, Falk Butter, Christian J. Janzen

Hepatitis B virus X protein counteracts high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated epigenetic silencing of covalently closed circular DNA

Elena S. Kim, Jun Zhou, Hu Zhang, Alexander Marchetti, Maarten van de Klundert, Dawei Cai, Xiaoyang Yu, Bidisha Mitra, Yuanjie Liu, Mu Wang, Ulrike Protzer, Haitao Guo

Quantitative regulation of the thermal stability of enveloped virus vaccines by surface charge engineering to prevent the self-aggregation of attachment glycoproteins

Yu Shang, Li Li, Tengfei Zhang, Qingping Luo, Qingzhong Yu, Zhe Zeng, Lintao Li, Miaomiao Jia, Guoyi Tang, Sanlin Fan, Qin Lu, Wenting Zhang, Yuhan Xue, Hongling Wang, Wei Liu, Hongcai Wang, Rongrong Zhang, Chan Ding, Huabin Shao, Guoyuan Wen

Lipases secreted by a gut bacterium inhibit arbovirus transmission in mosquitoes

Xi Yu, Liangqin Tong, Liming Zhang, Yun Yang, Xiaoping Xiao, Yibin Zhu, Penghua Wang, Gong Cheng

A Powassan virus domain III nanoparticle immunogen elicits neutralizing and protective antibodies in mice

Ryan J. Malonis, George I. Georgiev, Denise Haslwanter, Laura A. VanBlargan, Georgia Fallon, Olivia Vergnolle, Sean M. Cahill, Richard Harris, David Cowburn, Kartik Chandran, Michael S. Diamond, Jonathan R. Lai

A small molecule that disrupts S. Typhimurium membrane voltage without cell lysis reduces bacterial colonization of mice

Jamie L. Dombach, Joaquin LJ Quintana, Samual C. Allgood, Toni A. Nagy, Daniel L. Gustafson, Corrella S. Detweiler

Stress- and metabolic responses of Candida albicans require Tor1 kinase N-terminal HEAT repeats

Wanjun Qi, Maikel Acosta-Zaldivar, Peter R. Flanagan, Ning-Ning Liu, Niketa Jani, José F. Fierro, María T. Andrés, Gary P. Moran, Julia R. Köhler

Using an antimalarial in mosquitoes overcomes Anopheles and Plasmodium resistance to malaria control strategies

Douglas G. Paton, Alexandra S. Probst, Erica Ma, Kelsey L. Adams, W. Robert Shaw, Naresh Singh, Selina Bopp, Sarah K. Volkman, Domombele F. S. Hien, Prislaure S. L. Paré, Rakiswendé S. Yerbanga, Abdoullaye Diabaté, Roch K. Dabiré, Thierry Lefèvre, Dyann F. Wirth, Flaminia Catteruccia

Insight into mechanisms of pig lncRNA FUT3-AS1 regulating E. coli F18-bacterial diarrhea

Zhengchang Wu, Hairui Fan, Jian Jin, Song Gao, Ruihua Huang, Shenglong Wu, Wenbin Bao

Transcriptomic analyses implicate neuronal plasticity and chloride homeostasis in ivermectin resistance and response to treatment in a parasitic nematode

Roz Laing, Stephen R. Doyle, Jennifer McIntyre, Kirsty Maitland, Alison Morrison, David J. Bartley, Ray Kaplan, Umer Chaudhry, Neil Sargison, Andy Tait, James A. Cotton, Collette Britton, Eileen Devaney

Long-term persistence of viral RNA and inflammation in the CNS of macaques exposed to aerosolized Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus

Henry Ma, Joseph R. Albe, Theron Gilliland, Cynthia M. McMillen, Christina L. Gardner, Devin A. Boyles, Emily L. Cottle, Matthew D. Dunn, Jeneveve D. Lundy, Noah Salama, Katherine J. O’Malley, Ivona Pandrea, Tobias Teichert, Stacey Barrick, William B. Klimstra, Amy L. Hartman, Douglas S. Reed

Bile acids promote the caveolae-associated entry of swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus in porcine intestinal enteroids

Qi-Yue Yang, Yong-Le Yang, Yi-Xin Tang, Pan Qin, Gan Wang, Jin-Yan Xie, Shu-Xian Chen, Chan Ding, Yao-Wei Huang, Shu Jeffrey Zhu

Significant role of host sialylated glycans in the infection and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

Wakana Saso, Masako Yamasaki, Shin-ichi Nakakita, Shuetsu Fukushi, Kana Tsuchimoto, Noriyuki Watanabe, Nongluk Sriwilaijaroen, Osamu Kanie, Masamichi Muramatsu, Yoshimasa Takahashi, Tetsuro Matano, Makoto Takeda, Yasuo Suzuki, Koichi Watashi

Ucl fimbriae regulation and glycan receptor specificity contribute to gut colonisation by extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli

Steven J. Hancock, Alvin W. Lo, Thomas Ve, Christopher J. Day, Lendl Tan, Alejandra A. Mendez, Minh-Duy Phan, Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, Kate M. Peters, Amanda C. Richards, Brittany A. Fleming, Chyden Chang, Dalton H. Y. Ngu, Brian M. Forde, Thomas Haselhorst, Kelvin G. K. Goh, Scott A. Beatson, Michael P. Jennings, Matthew A. Mulvey, Bostjan Kobe, Mark A. Schembri

RANBP2 and USP9x regulate nuclear import of adenovirus minor coat protein IIIa

Ashrafali M. Ismail, Amrita Saha, Ji S. Lee, David F. Painter, Yinghua Chen, Gurdeep Singh, Gabriela N. Condezo, James Chodosh, Carmen San Martín, Jaya Rajaiya

Broad coverage of neutralization-resistant SIV strains by second-generation SIV-specific antibodies targeting the region involved in binding CD4

Hugh C. Welles, Hannah A. D. King, Leonard Nettey, Nicole Cavett, Jason Gorman, Tongqing Zhou, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Renguang Du, Kaimei Song, Richard Nguyen, David Ambrozak, Amy Ransier, Chaim A. Schramm, Nicole A. Doria-Rose, Adrienne E. Swanstrom, James A. Hoxie, Celia LaBranche, David C. Montefiori, Daniel C. Douek, Peter D. Kwong, John R. Mascola, Mario Roederer, Rosemarie D. Mason

p166 links membrane and intramitochondrial modules of the trypanosomal tripartite attachment complex

Bernd Schimanski, Salome Aeschlimann, Philip Stettler, Sandro Käser, Maria Gomez-Fabra Gala, Julian Bender, Bettina Warscheid, F.-Nora Vögtle, André Schneider

S-Nitrosylation of the virulence regulator AphB promotes Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis

Jiandong Chen, Hyuntae Byun, Qianxuan She, Zhi Liu, Karl-Gustav Ruggeberg, Qinqin Pu, I-Ji Jung, Dehao Zhu, Mary R. Brockett, Ansel Hsiao, Jun Zhu

Host cell-dependent late entry step as determinant of hepatitis B virus infection

Xupeng Hong, Yuka Imamura Kawasawa, Stephan Menne, Jianming Hu

A cellular trafficking signal in the SIV envelope protein cytoplasmic domain is strongly selected for in pathogenic infection

Scott P. Lawrence, Samra E. Elser, Workineh Torben, Robert V. Blair, Bapi Pahar, Pyone P. Aye, Faith Schiro, Dawn Szeltner, Lara A. Doyle-Meyers, Beth S. Haggarty, Andrea P. O. Jordan, Josephine Romano, George J. Leslie, Xavier Alvarez, David H. O’Connor, Roger W. Wiseman, Christine M. Fennessey, Yuan Li, Michael Piatak Jr, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Celia C. LaBranche, Andrew A. Lackner, Brandon F. Keele, Nicholas J. Maness, Mark Marsh, James A. Hoxie

Identification of NS2 determinants stimulating intrinsic HCV NS2 protease activity

Olaf Isken, Thomas Walther, Luis Wong-Dilworth, Dirk Rehders, Lars Redecke, Norbert Tautz

Selective modulation of cell surface proteins during vaccinia infection: A resource for identifying viral immune evasion strategies

Delphine M. Depierreux, Arwen F. Altenburg, Lior Soday, Alice Fletcher-Etherington, Robin Antrobus, Brian J. Ferguson, Michael P. Weekes, Geoffrey L. Smith

Fish female-biased gene cyp19a1a leads to female antiviral response attenuation between sexes by autophagic degradation of MITA

Long-Feng Lu, Jing-Yu Jiang, Wen-Xuan Du, Xue-Li Wang, Zhuo-Cong Li, Xiao-Yu Zhou, Can Zhang, Cheng-Yan Mou, Dan-Dan Chen, Zhi Li, Li Zhou, Jian-Fang Gui, Xi-Yin Li, Shun Li

Impact of secondary TCR engagement on the heterogeneity of pathogen-specific CD8+ T cell response during acute and chronic toxoplasmosis

Lindsey A. Shallberg, Anthony T. Phan, David A. Christian, Joseph A. Perry, Breanne E. Haskins, Daniel P. Beiting, Tajie H. Harris, Anita A. Koshy, Christopher A. Hunter

Nucleocapsid mutations in SARS-CoV-2 augment replication and pathogenesis

Bryan A. Johnson, Yiyang Zhou, Kumari G. Lokugamage, Michelle N. Vu, Nathen Bopp, Patricia A. Crocquet-Valdes, Birte Kalveram, Craig Schindewolf, Yang Liu, Dionna Scharton, Jessica A. Plante, Xuping Xie, Patricia Aguilar, Scott C. Weaver, Pei-Yong Shi, David H. Walker, Andrew L. Routh, Kenneth S. Plante, Vineet D. Menachery

Encapsulation of the septal cell wall protects Streptococcus pneumoniae from its major peptidoglycan hydrolase and host defenses

Joana Figueiredo, Mafalda Xavier Henriques, Maria João Catalão, Sara Pinheiro, Ana Rita Narciso, Francisco Mesquita, Bruno Manuel Saraiva, Madalena Carido, Didier Cabanes, Mariana Gomes Pinho, Sérgio Raposo Filipe

A single amino acid residue in bank vole prion protein drives permissiveness to Nor98/atypical scrapie and the emergence of multiple strain variants

Laura Pirisinu, Michele Angelo Di Bari, Claudia D’Agostino, Ilaria Vanni, Geraldina Riccardi, Stefano Marcon, Gabriele Vaccari, Barbara Chiappini, Sylvie L. Benestad, Umberto Agrimi, Romolo Nonno

The AMA1-RON complex drives Plasmodium sporozoite invasion in the mosquito and mammalian hosts

Priyanka Fernandes, Manon Loubens, Rémi Le Borgne, Carine Marinach, Béatrice Ardin, Sylvie Briquet, Laetitia Vincensini, Soumia Hamada, Bénédicte Hoareau-Coudert, Jean-Marc Verbavatz, Allon Weiner, Olivier Silvie

Cbp1, a fungal virulence factor under positive selection, forms an effector complex that drives macrophage lysis

Dinara Azimova, Nadia Herrera, Lucian Duvenage, Mark Voorhies, Rosa A. Rodriguez, Bevin C. English, Jennifer C. Hoving, Oren Rosenberg, Anita Sil

Distinctive features of the respiratory syncytial virus priming loop compared to other non-segmented negative strand RNA viruses

Tessa N. Cressey, Afzaal M. Shareef, Victoria A. Kleiner, Sarah L. Noton, Patrick O. Byrne, Jason S. McLellan, Elke Mühlberger, Rachel Fearns

A bivalent CMV vaccine formulated with human compatible TLR9 agonist CpG1018 elicits potent cellular and humoral immunity in HLA expressing mice

Vijayendra Dasari, Kirrilee Beckett, Shane Horsefield, George Ambalathingal, Rajiv Khanna

Interactions between copper homeostasis and the fungal cell wall affect copper stress resistance

Corinna Probst, Sarela Garcia-Santamarina, Jacob T. Brooks, Inge Van Der Kloet, Oliver Baars, Martina Ralle, Dennis J. Thiele, J. Andrew Alspaugh

HIV-1 Nef-mediated downregulation of CD155 results in viral restriction by KIR2DL5+ NK cells

Pia Fittje, Angelique Hœlzemer, Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran, Sarah Vollmers, Annika Niehrs, Kerri Hagemann, Glòria Martrus, Christian Körner, Frank Kirchhoff, Daniel Sauter, Marcus Altfeld

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis vaccine against Nipah virus has a favorable safety profile: Model for assessment of live vaccines with neurotropic potential

Thomas P. Monath, Richard Nichols, Lynda Tussey, Kelly Scappaticci, Thaddeus G. Pullano, Mary D. Whiteman, Nikos Vasilakis, Shannan L. Rossi, Rafael Kroon Campos, Sasha R. Azar, Heidi M. Spratt, Brent L. Seaton, W. Tad Archambault, Yanina V. Costecalde, Evan H. Moore, Roger J. Hawks, Joan Fusco

PHEV infection: A promising model of betacoronavirus-associated neurological and olfactory dysfunction

Junchao Shi, Zi Li, Jing Zhang, Rongyi Xu, Yungang Lan, Jiyu Guan, Rui Gao, Zhenzhen Wang, Huijun Lu, Baofeng Xu, Kui Zhao, Feng Gao, Wenqi He

A Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b post-transplant isolate with high replication efficiency in cell culture and its adaptation to infectious virus production in vitro and in vivo

Christian Heuss, Paul Rothhaar, Rani Burm, Ji-Young Lee, Philipp Ralfs, Uta Haselmann, Luisa J. Ströh, Ombretta Colasanti, Cong Si Tran, Noemi Schäfer, Paul Schnitzler, Uta Merle, Ralf Bartenschlager, Arvind H. Patel, Frederik Graw, Thomas Krey, Vibor Laketa, Philip Meuleman, Volker Lohmann

Helicobacter pylori pathogen inhibits cellular responses to oncogenic stress and apoptosis

Manikandan Palrasu, Elena Zaika, Kodisundaram Paulrasu, Ravindran Caspa Gokulan, Giovanni Suarez, Jianwen Que, Wael El-Rifai, Richard M. Peek Jr., Monica Garcia-Buitrago, Alexander I. Zaika

The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant induces an antibody response largely focused on class 1 and 2 antibody epitopes

Allison J. Greaney, Rachel T. Eguia, Tyler N. Starr, Khadija Khan, Nicholas Franko, Jennifer K. Logue, Sandra M. Lord, Cate Speake, Helen Y. Chu, Alex Sigal, Jesse D. Bloom

Genome-wide analysis of Brucella melitensis genes required throughout intranasal infection in mice

Georges Potemberg, Aurore Demars, Emeline Barbieux, Angéline Reboul, François-Xavier Stubbe, Malissia Galia, Maxime Lagneaux, Audrey Comein, Olivier Denis, David Pérez-Morga, Jean-Marie Vanderwinden, Xavier De Bolle, Eric Muraille

Corrections

Correction: STAT6 degradation and ubiquitylated TRIML2 are essential for activation of human oncogenic herpesvirus

Feng Gu, Chong Wang, Fang Wei, Yuyan Wang, Qing Zhu, Ling Ding, Wenjia Xu, Caixia Zhu, Cankun Cai, Zhikang Qian, Zhenghong Yuan, Erle Robertson, Qiliang Cai

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