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May 2021

Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, has a cell shape that is created by the subpellicular microtubule array. The microtubules of the array are shaped and regulated by differentially localized microtubule-associated proteins that are organized into discrete subdomains. This fluorescence microscopy image shows PAVE1, in green, which defines the subdomain of the cell posterior. TbAIR9, in magenta, is responsible for maintaining the boundaries of these subdomains. The maintenance of these subdomains is critical for the preservation of cell shape and viability. Sinclair et al.

Image Credit: Sinclair AN, 2021

Reviews

Microbiota–host communications: Bacterial extracellular vesicles as a common language

Rogers A. Ñahui Palomino, Christophe Vanpouille, Paolo E. Costantini, Leonid Margolis

Host microbiota can facilitate pathogen infection

Emily J. Stevens, Kieran A. Bates, Kayla C. King

Emerging and divergent roles of pyrophosphorylated nucleotides in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis

N. Y Elizabeth Chau, Shehryar Ahmad, John C. Whitney, Brian K. Coombes

Research Articles

The human cytomegalovirus protein UL147A downregulates the most prevalent MICA allele: MICA*008, to evade NK cell-mediated killing

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EBV miRNAs are potent effectors of tumor cell transcriptome remodeling in promoting immune escape

Nathan Ungerleider, Whitney Bullard, Mehmet Kara, Xia Wang, Claire Roberts, Rolf Renne, Scott Tibbetts, Erik K. Flemington

Interferon signaling suppresses the unfolded protein response and induces cell death in hepatocytes accumulating hepatitis B surface antigen

Ian Baudi, Masanori Isogawa, Federica Moalli, Masaya Onishi, Keigo Kawashima, Yuji Ishida, Chise Tateno, Yusuke Sato, Hideyoshi Harashima, Hiroyasu Ito, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Takaji Wakita, Matteo Iannacone, Yasuhito Tanaka

Type I and III IFNs produced by the nasal epithelia and dimmed inflammation are features of alpacas resolving MERS-CoV infection

Nigeer Te, Jordi Rodon, Maria Ballester, Mónica Pérez, Lola Pailler-García, Joaquim Segalés, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Albert Bensaid

Antigen-encapsulating host extracellular vesicles derived from Salmonella-infected cells stimulate pathogen-specific Th1-type responses in vivo

Winnie W. Hui, Lisa E. Emerson, Beata Clapp, Austin E. Sheppe, Jatin Sharma, Johanna del Castillo, Mark Ou, Gustavo H. B. Maegawa, Carol Hoffman, Joseph Larkin, III, David W. Pascual, Mariola J. Ferraro

Anopheles coluzzii stearoyl-CoA desaturase is essential for adult female survival and reproduction upon blood feeding

Zannatul Ferdous, Silke Fuchs, Volker Behrends, Nikolaos Trasanidis, Robert M. Waterhouse, Dina Vlachou, George K. Christophides

Colonization of the Caenorhabditis elegans gut with human enteric bacterial pathogens leads to proteostasis disruption that is rescued by butyrate

Alyssa C. Walker, Rohan Bhargava, Alfonso S. Vaziriyan-Sani, Christine Pourciau, Emily T. Donahue, Autumn S. Dove, Michael J. Gebhardt, Garrett L. Ellward, Tony Romeo, Daniel M. Czyż

Host factor Rab11a is critical for efficient assembly of influenza A virus genomic segments

Julianna Han, Ketaki Ganti, Veeresh Kumar Sali, Carly Twigg, Yifeng Zhang, Senthamizharasi Manivasagam, Chieh-Yu Liang, Olivia A. Vogel, Iris Huang, Shanan N. Emmanuel, Jesse Plung, Lillianna Radoshevich, Jasmine T. Perez, Anice C. Lowen, Balaji Manicassamy

Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein with amilorides correlate with antiviral activity

Sang Ho Park, Haley Siddiqi, Daniela V. Castro, Anna A. De Angelis, Aaron L. Oom, Charlotte A. Stoneham, Mary K. Lewinski, Alex E. Clark, Ben A. Croker, Aaron F. Carlin, John Guatelli, Stanley J. Opella

Evaluating the fitness of PA/I38T-substituted influenza A viruses with reduced baloxavir susceptibility in a competitive mixtures ferret model

Leo Y Lee, Jie Zhou, Paulina Koszalka, Rebecca Frise, Rubaiyea Farrukee, Keiko Baba, Shahjahan Miah, Takao Shishido, Monica Galiano, Takashi Hashimoto, Shinya Omoto, Takeki Uehara, Edin J. Mifsud, Neil Collinson, Klaus Kuhlbusch, Barry Clinch, Steffen Wildum, Wendy S. Barclay, Aeron C. Hurt

Virus shedding kinetics and unconventional virulence tradeoffs

Andrew R. Wargo, Gael Kurath, Robert J. Scott, Benjamin Kerr

The peptidoglycan-associated protein NapA plays an important role in the envelope integrity and in the pathogenesis of the lyme disease spirochete

Marisela M. Davis, Aaron M. Brock, Tanner G. DeHart, Brittany P. Boribong, Katherine Lee, Mecaila E. McClune, Yunjie Chang, Nicholas Cramer, Jun Liu, Caroline N. Jones, Brandon L. Jutras

Human DICER helicase domain recruits PKR and modulates its antiviral activity

Thomas C. Montavon, Morgane Baldaccini, Mathieu Lefèvre, Erika Girardi, Béatrice Chane-Woon-Ming, Mélanie Messmer, Philippe Hammann, Johana Chicher, Sébastien Pfeffer

UPEC kidney infection triggers neuro-immune communication leading to modulation of local renal inflammation by splenic IFNγ

Svava E. Steiner, Ferdinand X. Choong, Haris Antypas, Carlos E. Morado-Urbina, Anette Schulz, Alex Bersellini Farinotti, Duygu B. Bas, Camilla I. Svensson, Agneta Richter-Dahlfors, Keira Melican

Effects of schistosomes on host anti-viral immune response and the acquisition, virulence, and prevention of viral infections: A systematic review

Brooke W. Bullington, Katherine Klemperer, Keith Mages, Andrea Chalem, Humphrey D. Mazigo, John Changalucha, Saidi Kapiga, Peter F. Wright, Maria M. Yazdanbakhsh, Jennifer A. Downs

Pseudomonas aeruginosainduced nociceptor activation increases susceptibility to infection

Tiffany Lin, Daisy Quellier, Jeffrey Lamb, Tiphaine Voisin, Pankaj Baral, Felix Bock, Alfrun Schönberg, Rossen Mirchev, Gerald Pier, Isaac Chiu, Mihaela Gadjeva

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The methyltransferase domain of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus L protein catalyzes cap N7 and 2’-O-methylation

Priscila Sutto-Ortiz, Sergey Tcherniuk, Nina Ysebaert, Pravien Abeywickrema, Mathieu Noël, Alice Decombe, Françoise Debart, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Bruno Canard, Dirk Roymans, Peter Rigaux, Jean-François Eléouët, Etienne Decroly

Mitigation of endemic GI-tract pathogen-mediated inflammation through development of multimodal treatment regimen and its impact on SIV acquisition in rhesus macaques

Rachele M. Bochart, Kathleen Busman-Sahay, Stephen Bondoc, David W. Morrow, Alexandra M. Ortiz, Christine M. Fennessey, Miranda B. Fischer, Oriene Shiel, Tonya Swanson, Christine M. Shriver-Munsch, Hugh B. Crank, Kimberly M. Armantrout, Aaron M. Barber-Axthelm, Charlotte Langner, Cassandra R. Moats, Caralyn S. Labriola, Rhonda MacAllister, Michael K. Axthelm, Jason M. Brenchley, Brandon F. Keele, Jacob D. Estes, Scott G. Hansen, Jeremy V. Smedley

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Zinc limitation triggers anticipatory adaptations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Allexa Dow, Preeti Sule, Timothy J. O’Donnell, Andrew Burger, Joshua T. Mattila, Brandi Antonio, Kevin Vergara, Endrei Marcantonio, L. Garry Adams, Nicholas James, Philip G. Williams, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Sladjana Prisic

Dispersal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 lineages during the first epidemic wave in New York City

Simon Dellicour, Samuel L. Hong, Bram Vrancken, Antoine Chaillon, Mandev S. Gill, Matthew T. Maurano, Sitharam Ramaswami, Paul Zappile, Christian Marier, Gordon W. Harkins, Guy Baele, Ralf Duerr, Adriana Heguy

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Rapid progression is associated with lymphoid follicle dysfunction in SIV-infected infant rhesus macaques

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Epigenomic regulation of human T-cell leukemia virus by chromatin-insulator CTCF

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A Ran-binding protein facilitates nuclear import of human papillomavirus type 16

Kun-Yi Lai, Matteo Rizzato, Inci Aydin, Ruth Villalonga-Planells, Hannes C. A. Drexler, Mario Schelhaas

Characterization of ALTO-encoding circular RNAs expressed by Merkel cell polyomavirus and trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus

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SARS-CoV-2 infection, neuropathogenesis and transmission among deer mice: Implications for spillback to New World rodents

Anna Fagre, Juliette Lewis, Miles Eckley, Shijun Zhan, Savannah M. Rocha, Nicole R. Sexton, Bradly Burke, Brian Geiss, Olve Peersen, Todd Bass, Rebekah Kading, Joel Rovnak, Gregory D. Ebel, Ronald B. Tjalkens, Tawfik Aboellail, Tony Schountz

Using Neisseria meningitidis genomic diversity to inform outbreak strain identification

Adam C. Retchless, Alex Chen, How-Yi Chang, Amy E. Blain, Lucy A. McNamara, Mustapha M. Mustapha, Lee H. Harrison, Xin Wang

Infection of humanized mice with a novel phlebovirus presented pathogenic features of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

Shijie Xu, Na Jiang, Waqas Nawaz, Bingxin Liu, Fang Zhang, Ye Liu, Xilin Wu, Zhiwei Wu

The Trypanosoma brucei subpellicular microtubule array is organized into functionally discrete subdomains defined by microtubule associated proteins

Amy N. Sinclair, Christine T. Huynh, Thomas E. Sladewski, Jenna L. Zuromski, Amanda E. Ruiz, Christopher L. de Graffenried

Respiratory syncytial virus M2-1 protein associates non-specifically with viral messenger RNA and with specific cellular messenger RNA transcripts

Molly R. Braun, Sarah L. Noton, Emmeline L. Blanchard, Afzaal Shareef, Philip J. Santangelo, W. Evan Johnson, Rachel Fearns

Resistance to lethal ectromelia virus infection requires Type I interferon receptor in natural killer cells and monocytes but not in adaptive immune or parenchymal cells

Carolina R. Melo-Silva, Pedro Alves-Peixoto, Natasha Heath, Lingjuan Tang, Brian Montoya, Cory J. Knudson, Colby Stotesbury, Maria Ferez, Eric Wong, Luis J. Sigal

PfSPZ-CVac efficacy against malaria increases from 0% to 75% when administered in the absence of erythrocyte stage parasitemia: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial with controlled human malaria infection

Sean C. Murphy, Gregory A. Deye, B. Kim Lee Sim, Shirley Galbiati, Jessie K. Kennedy, Kristen W. Cohen, Sumana Chakravarty, Natasha KC, Yonas Abebe, Eric R. James, James G. Kublin, Stephen L. Hoffman, Thomas L. Richie, Lisa A. Jackson

STING regulates metabolic reprogramming in macrophages via HIF-1α during Brucella infection

Marco Tulio R. Gomes, Erika S. Guimarães, Fabio V. Marinho, Isabella Macedo, Eric R. G. R. Aguiar, Glen N. Barber, Pedro M. M. Moraes-Vieira, José Carlos Alves-Filho, Sergio C. Oliveira

A bacterial tyrosine phosphatase modulates cell proliferation through targeting RGCC

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TMEM41B is a host factor required for the replication of diverse coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2

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Characterisation of the Semliki Forest Virus-host cell interactome reveals the viral capsid protein as an inhibitor of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay

Lara Contu, Giuseppe Balistreri, Michal Domanski, Anne-Christine Uldry, Oliver Mühlemann

RegAB Homolog of Burkholderia pseudomallei is the Master Regulator of Redox Control and involved in Virulence

Julia Phenn, Jan Pané-Farré, Nikolai Meukow, Annelie Klein, Anne Troitzsch, Patrick Tan, Stephan Fuchs, Gabriel E. Wagner, Sabine Lichtenegger, Ivo Steinmetz, Christian Kohler

Radical genome remodelling accompanied the emergence of a novel host-restricted bacterial pathogen

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A parasitoid wasp of Drosophila employs preemptive and reactive strategies to deplete its host’s blood cells

Johnny R. Ramroop, Mary Ellen Heavner, Zubaidul H. Razzak, Shubha Govind

The RyfA small RNA regulates oxidative and osmotic stress responses and virulence in uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Hicham Bessaiah, Pravil Pokharel, Hamza Loucif, Merve Kulbay, Charles Sasseville, Hajer Habouria, Sébastien Houle, Jacques Bernier, Éric Massé, Julien Van Grevenynghe, Charles M. Dozois

An incoherent feedforward loop formed by SirA/BarA, HilE and HilD is involved in controlling the growth cost of virulence factor expression by Salmonella Typhimurium

Deyanira Pérez-Morales, Jessica Nava-Galeana, Roberto Rosales-Reyes, Paige Teehan, Helen Yakhnin, Erika I. Melchy-Pérez, Yvonne Rosenstein, Miguel A. De la Cruz, Paul Babitzke, Víctor H. Bustamante

Corrections

Correction: IL-22 produced by type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) reduces the mortality of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Deepak Tripathi, Rajesh Kumar Radhakrishnan, Ramya Sivangala Thandi, Padmaja Paidipally, Kamakshi Prudhula Devalraju, Venkata Sanjeev Kumar Neela, Madeline Kay McAllister, Buka Samten, Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri, Ramakrishna Vankayalapati

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Correction: Single-cell glycolytic activity regulates membrane tension and HIV-1 fusion

Charles A. Coomer, Irene Carlon-Andres, Maro Iliopoulou, Michael L. Dustin, Ewoud B. Compeer, Alex A. Compton, Sergi Padilla-Parra

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