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July 2014

Confocal image of Immunofuorescent staining of C. jejuni in the mucus layer of the cecum of a Sigirr-/- mouse. C. jejuni is labeled in red, Muc2, which comprises the mucus layer, in yellow, the Cytokeratin 19 in the intestinal epithelial cells, in green, and the cell nuclei in blue (DAPI). C. jejuni can be clearly seen traversing the mucus layer in large numbers and adhering along the epithelium. See Stahl et al.

Image Credit: Martin Stahl et al. (2014)

Pearls

Helminth Infections, Type-2 Immune Response, and Metabolic Syndrome

Aprilianto E. Wiria, Erliyani Sartono, Taniawati Supali, Maria Yazdanbakhsh

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of KSHV Oncogenesis of Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated with HIV/AIDS

Lucas E. Cavallin, Pascal Goldschmidt-Clermont, Enrique A. Mesri

Illuminating Fungal Infections with Bioluminescence

Nicolas Papon, Vincent Courdavault, Arnaud Lanoue, Marc Clastre, Matthias Brock

Defensins and Viral Infection: Dispelling Common Misconceptions

Mayim E. Wiens, Sarah S. Wilson, Carissa M. Lucero, Jason G. Smith

Microbial Egress: A Hitchhiker's Guide to Freedom

Ana Traven, Thomas Naderer

The Wide World of Ribosomally Encoded Bacterial Peptides

Rebecca A. Flaherty, Stefan D. Freed, Shaun W. Lee

Review

HIV-1 Capture and Transmission by Dendritic Cells: The Role of Viral Glycolipids and the Cellular Receptor Siglec-1

Nuria Izquierdo-Useros, Maier Lorizate, Paul J. McLaren, Amalio Telenti, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Javier Martinez-Picado

Research Articles

Structure of the Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase from Brugia malayi Reveals Key Design Principles for Anthelmintic Drugs

Jeremiah D. Farelli, Brendan D. Galvin, Zhiru Li, Chunliang Liu, Miyuki Aono, Megan Garland, Olivia E. Hallett, Thomas B. Causey, Alana Ali-Reynolds, Daniel J. Saltzberg, Clotilde K. S. Carlow, Debra Dunaway-Mariano, Karen N. Allen

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Conceals the Invasion-Associated Type Three Secretion System from the Innate Immune System by Gene Regulation

Sebastian E. Winter, Maria G. Winter, Victor Poon, A. Marijke Keestra, Torsten Sterzenbach, Franziska Faber, Luciana F. Costa, Fabiane Cassou, Erica A. Costa, Geraldo E. S. Alves, Tatiane A. Paixão, Renato L. Santos, Andreas J. Bäumler

Pulmonary Infection with Hypervirulent Mycobacteria Reveals a Crucial Role for the P2X7 Receptor in Aggressive Forms of Tuberculosis

Eduardo P. Amaral, Simone C. M. Ribeiro, Verônica R. Lanes, Fabrício M. Almeida, Marcelle R. M. de Andrade, Caio Cesar Barbosa Bomfim, Érika M. Salles, Karina R. Bortoluci, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Mario H. Hirata, José M. Alvarez, Elena B. Lasunskaia, Maria Regina D'Império-Lima

A Repetitive DNA Element Regulates Expression of the Helicobacter pylori Sialic Acid Binding Adhesin by a Rheostat-like Mechanism

Anna Åberg, Pär Gideonsson, Anna Vallström, Annelie Olofsson, Carina Öhman, Lena Rakhimova, Thomas Borén, Lars Engstrand, Kristoffer Brännström, Anna Arnqvist

Innate Immune Responses and Rapid Control of Inflammation in African Green Monkeys Treated or Not with Interferon-Alpha during Primary SIVagm Infection

Béatrice Jacquelin, Gaël Petitjean, Désirée Kunkel, Anne-Sophie Liovat, Simon P. Jochems, Kenneth A. Rogers, Mickaël J. Ploquin, Yoann Madec, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Pierre Lebon, Roger Le Grand, François Villinger, Michaela Müller-Trutwin

Systemic Hematogenous Maintenance of Memory Inflation by MCMV Infection

Corinne J. Smith, Holly Turula, Christopher M. Snyder

The Machinery at Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites Contributes to Spatial Regulation of Multiple Legionella Effector Proteins

Andree Hubber, Kohei Arasaki, Fubito Nakatsu, Camille Hardiman, David Lambright, Pietro De Camilli, Hiroki Nagai, Craig R. Roy

Genetic Analysis of Leishmania donovani Tropism Using a Naturally Attenuated Cutaneous Strain

Wen Wei Zhang, Gowthaman Ramasamy, Laura-Isobel McCall, Andrew Haydock, Shalindra Ranasinghe, Priyanka Abeygunasekara, Ganga Sirimanna, Renu Wickremasinghe, Peter Myler, Greg Matlashewski

Widespread Sequence Variations in VAMP1 across Vertebrates Suggest a Potential Selective Pressure from Botulinum Neurotoxins

Lisheng Peng, Michael Adler, Ann Demogines, Andrew Borrell, Huisheng Liu, Liang Tao, William H. Tepp, Su-Chun Zhang, Eric A. Johnson, Sara L. Sawyer, Min Dong

Influenza A Virus Host Shutoff Disables Antiviral Stress-Induced Translation Arrest

Denys A. Khaperskyy, Mohamed M. Emara, Benjamin P. Johnston, Paul Anderson, Todd F. Hatchette, Craig McCormick

Oncogenic Herpesvirus KSHV Hijacks BMP-Smad1-Id Signaling to Promote Tumorigenesis

Deguang Liang, Hao Hu, Shasha Li, Jiazhen Dong, Xing Wang, Yuhan Wang, Li He, Zhiheng He, Yuan Gao, Shou-Jiang Gao, Ke Lan

Related Articles

Distinct Lipid A Moieties Contribute to Pathogen-Induced Site-Specific Vascular Inflammation

Connie Slocum, Stephen R. Coats, Ning Hua, Carolyn Kramer, George Papadopoulos, Ellen O. Weinberg, Cynthia V. Gudino, James A. Hamilton, Richard P. Darveau, Caroline A. Genco

BCKDH: The Missing Link in Apicomplexan Mitochondrial Metabolism Is Required for Full Virulence of Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium berghei

Rebecca D. Oppenheim, Darren J. Creek, James I. Macrae, Katarzyna K. Modrzynska, Paco Pino, Julien Limenitakis, Valerie Polonais, Frank Seeber, Michael P. Barrett, Oliver Billker, Malcolm J. McConville, Dominique Soldati-Favre

Larger Mammalian Body Size Leads to Lower Retroviral Activity

Aris Katzourakis, Gkikas Magiorkinis, Aaron G. Lim, Sunetra Gupta, Robert Belshaw, Robert Gifford

Real-Time Imaging Reveals the Dynamics of Leukocyte Behaviour during Experimental Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis

Saparna Pai, Jim Qin, Lois Cavanagh, Andrew Mitchell, Fatima El-Assaad, Rohit Jain, Valery Combes, Nicholas H. Hunt, Georges E. R. Grau, Wolfgang Weninger

A Novel Mouse Model of Campylobacter jejuni Gastroenteritis Reveals Key Pro-inflammatory and Tissue Protective Roles for Toll-like Receptor Signaling during Infection

Martin Stahl, Jenna Ries, Jenny Vermeulen, Hong Yang, Ho Pan Sham, Shauna M. Crowley, Yuliya Badayeva, Stuart E. Turvey, Erin C. Gaynor, Xiaoxia Li, Bruce A. Vallance

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LANA Binds to Multiple Active Viral and Cellular Promoters and Associates with the H3K4Methyltransferase hSET1 Complex

Jianhong Hu, Yajie Yang, Peter C. Turner, Vaibhav Jain, Lauren M. McIntyre, Rolf Renne

Novel Drosophila Viruses Encode Host-Specific Suppressors of RNAi

Joël T. van Mierlo, Gijs J. Overheul, Benjamin Obadia, Koen W. R. van Cleef, Claire L. Webster, Maria-Carla Saleh, Darren J. Obbard, Ronald P. van Rij

Plant Surface Cues Prime Ustilago maydis for Biotrophic Development

Daniel Lanver, Patrick Berndt, Marie Tollot, Vikram Naik, Miroslav Vranes, Tobias Warmann, Karin Münch, Nicole Rössel, Regine Kahmann

Influence of ND10 Components on Epigenetic Determinants of Early KSHV Latency Establishment

Thomas Günther, Sabrina Schreiner, Thomas Dobner, Uwe Tessmer, Adam Grundhoff

Syk Signaling in Dendritic Cells Orchestrates Innate Resistance to Systemic Fungal Infection

Paul G. Whitney, Eva Bär, Fabiola Osorio, Neil C. Rogers, Barbara U. Schraml, Safia Deddouche, Salomé LeibundGut-Landmann, Caetano Reis e Sousa

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Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins Kill Bacteria by Inducing Oxidative, Thiol, and Metal Stress

Des Raj Kashyap, Annemarie Rompca, Ahmed Gaballa, John D. Helmann, Jefferson Chan, Christopher J. Chang, Iztok Hozo, Dipika Gupta, Roman Dziarski

Motility and Chemotaxis Mediate the Preferential Colonization of Gastric Injury Sites by Helicobacter pylori

Eitaro Aihara, Chet Closson, Andrea L. Matthis, Michael A. Schumacher, Amy C. Engevik, Yana Zavros, Karen M. Ottemann, Marshall H. Montrose

T-bet and Eomes Are Differentially Linked to the Exhausted Phenotype of CD8+ T Cells in HIV Infection

Marcus Buggert, Johanna Tauriainen, Takuya Yamamoto, Juliet Frederiksen, Martin A. Ivarsson, Jakob Michaëlsson, Ole Lund, Bo Hejdeman, Marianne Jansson, Anders Sönnerborg, Richard A. Koup, Michael R. Betts, Annika C. Karlsson

Pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Expressed by Regulating Metabolic Thresholds of the Host Macrophage

Parul Mehrotra, Shilpa V. Jamwal, Najmuddin Saquib, Neeraj Sinha, Zaved Siddiqui, Venkatasamy Manivel, Samrat Chatterjee, Kanury V. S. Rao

The Semen Microbiome and Its Relationship with Local Immunology and Viral Load in HIV Infection

Cindy M. Liu, Brendan J. W. Osborne, Bruce A. Hungate, Kamnoosh Shahabi, Sanja Huibner, Richard Lester, Michael G. Dwan, Colin Kovacs, Tania L. Contente-Cuomo, Erika Benko, Maliha Aziz, Lance B. Price, Rupert Kaul

Establishment of Murine Gammaherpesvirus Latency in B Cells Is Not a Stochastic Event

Jérémie Decalf, Cristina Godinho-Silva, Diana Fontinha, Sofia Marques, J. Pedro Simas

Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Implications for Honey Bee Health

Yan Ping Chen, Jeffery S. Pettis, Miguel Corona, Wei Ping Chen, Cong Jun Li, Marla Spivak, P. Kirk Visscher, Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman, Humberto Boncristiani, Yan Zhao, Dennis vanEngelsdorp, Keith Delaplane, Leellen Solter, Francis Drummond, Matthew Kramer, W. Ian Lipkin, Gustavo Palacios, Michele C. Hamilton, Barton Smith, Shao Kang Huang, Huo Qing Zheng, Ji Lian Li, Xuan Zhang, Ai Fen Zhou, Li You Wu, Ji Zhong Zhou, Myeong-L. Lee, Erica W. Teixeira, Zhi Guo Li, Jay D. Evans

Paenibacillus larvae Chitin-Degrading Protein PlCBP49 Is a Key Virulence Factor in American Foulbrood of Honey Bees

Eva Garcia-Gonzalez, Lena Poppinga, Anne Fünfhaus, Gillian Hertlein, Kati Hedtke, Agata Jakubowska, Elke Genersch

Independent Bottlenecks Characterize Colonization of Systemic Compartments and Gut Lymphoid Tissue by Salmonella

Chee Han Lim, Sabrina Voedisch, Benjamin Wahl, Syed Fazle Rouf, Robert Geffers, Mikael Rhen, Oliver Pabst

The CD27L and CTP1L Endolysins Targeting Clostridia Contain a Built-in Trigger and Release Factor

Matthew Dunne, Haydyn D. T. Mertens, Vasiliki Garefalaki, Cy M. Jeffries, Andrew Thompson, Edward A. Lemke, Dmitri I. Svergun, Melinda J. Mayer, Arjan Narbad, Rob Meijers

Strain-Specific Variation of the Decorin-Binding Adhesin DbpA Influences the Tissue Tropism of the Lyme Disease Spirochete

Yi-Pin Lin, Vivian Benoit, Xiuli Yang, Raúl Martínez-Herranz, Utpal Pal, John M. Leong

The Impact of Juvenile Coxsackievirus Infection on Cardiac Progenitor Cells and Postnatal Heart Development

Jon Sin, Jenna M. Puccini, Chengqun Huang, Mathias H. Konstandin, Paul E. Gilbert, Mark A. Sussman, Roberta A. Gottlieb, Ralph Feuer

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Human APOBEC3 Induced Mutation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Contributes to Adaptation and Evolution in Natural Infection

Eun-Young Kim, Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo, Susan J. Little, Yoon-Seok Chung, Prabhjeet K. Phalora, Irina Maljkovic Berry, John Archer, Sudhir Penugonda, Will Fischer, Douglas D. Richman, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Michael H. Malim, Steven M. Wolinsky

A Screen of Coxiella burnetii Mutants Reveals Important Roles for Dot/Icm Effectors and Host Autophagy in Vacuole Biogenesis

Hayley J. Newton, Lara J. Kohler, Justin A. McDonough, Morayma Temoche-Diaz, Emerson Crabill, Elizabeth L. Hartland, Craig R. Roy

Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Suppress HIV-1 Replication but Contribute to HIV-1 Induced Immunopathogenesis in Humanized Mice

Guangming Li, Menglan Cheng, Jun-ichi Nunoya, Liang Cheng, Haitao Guo, Haisheng Yu, Yong-jun Liu, Lishan Su, Liguo Zhang

Vertical Transmission Selects for Reduced Virulence in a Plant Virus and for Increased Resistance in the Host

Israel Pagán, Nuria Montes, Michael G. Milgroom, Fernando García-Arenal

Cytolethal Distending Toxins Require Components of the ER-Associated Degradation Pathway for Host Cell Entry

Aria Eshraghi, Shandee D. Dixon, Batcha Tamilselvam, Emily Jin-Kyung Kim, Amandeep Gargi, Julia C. Kulik, Robert Damoiseaux, Steven R. Blanke, Kenneth A. Bradley

Corrections