About the Authors

Clara T. Schoeder

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Institute for Drug Discovery, University Leipzig Medical School, Leipzig, Germany

Pavlo Gilchuk

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Amandeep K. Sangha

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Kaitlyn V. Ledwitch

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Delphine C. Malherbe

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America, Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

Xuan Zhang

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Elad Binshtein

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Lauren E. Williamson

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Cristina E. Martina

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Jinhui Dong

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Erica Armstrong

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Rachel Sutton

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Rachel Nargi

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Jessica Rodriguez

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America

Natalia Kuzmina

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America, Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

Brooke Fiala

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Neil P. King

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Alexander Bukreyev

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America, Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, Unites States, United States of America

James E. Crowe Jr.

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

james.crowe@vumc.org (JEC); jens.meiler@vanderbilt.edu (JM)

Affiliations Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Jens Meiler

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

james.crowe@vumc.org (JEC); jens.meiler@vanderbilt.edu (JM)

Affiliations Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Institute for Drug Discovery, University Leipzig Medical School, Leipzig, Germany

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: J.E.C. has served as a consultant for Takeda Vaccines, Sanofi-Aventis U.S., Pfizer, Novavax, Lilly and Luna Biologics, is a member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of CompuVax and Meissa Vaccines and is Founder of IDBiologics. The Crowe laboratory at Vanderbilt University Medical Center has received sponsored research agreements from IDBiologics. N.P.K. is a co-founder, shareholder, paid consultant, and chair of the scientific advisory board of Icosavax, Inc. and has received an unrelated sponsored research agreement from Pfizer. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.