About the Authors

Cláudio Nunes-Alves

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

Matthew G. Booty

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America, Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Stephen M. Carpenter

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Alissa C. Rothchild

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America, Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Constance J. Martin

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Danielle Desjardins

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Katherine Steblenko

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Henrik N. Kløverpris

Affiliations KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV, Durban, South Africa, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Rajhmun Madansein

Affiliation Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Duran Ramsuran

Affiliation KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV, Durban, South Africa

Alasdair Leslie

Affiliations KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for TB and HIV, Durban, South Africa, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Margarida Correia-Neves

Affiliations Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

Samuel M. Behar

samuel.behar@umassmed.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CNA MGB SMC ACR CJM MCN SMB. Performed the experiments: CNA MGB SMC ACR CJM DD KS HNK RM DR. Analyzed the data: CNA AL SMB. Wrote the paper: CNA MGB SMC AR CJM DD KS HNK RM DR AL MCN SMB.