About the Authors

James R. J. Haycocks

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Prateek Sharma

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Anne M. Stringer

Affiliation Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America

Joseph T. Wade

Affiliations Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, New York, United States of America

David C. Grainger

d.grainger@bham.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JTW DCG. Performed the experiments: JRJH PS AMS. Analyzed the data: JRJH PS AMS JTW DCG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AMS JTW. Wrote the paper: JTW DCG.