About the Authors

Aris Katzourakis

aris.katzourakis@zoo.ox.ac.uk (AK); gkikas.magiorkinis@zoo.ox.ac.uk (GM)

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Gkikas Magiorkinis

aris.katzourakis@zoo.ox.ac.uk (AK); gkikas.magiorkinis@zoo.ox.ac.uk (GM)

Affiliations Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, Virus Reference Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom

Aaron G. Lim

Affiliation Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Sunetra Gupta

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Robert Belshaw

Affiliation School of Biomedical and Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom

Robert Gifford

Affiliation MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AK GM. Performed the experiments: AK GM AGL SG RB RG. Analyzed the data: AK GM AGL SG RB RG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AK GM AGL SG RB RG. Wrote the paper: AK GM AGL RB.