About the Authors

Guido Ferrari

Contributed equally to this work with: Guido Ferrari, Bette Korber

gflmp@duke.edu

Affiliation Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Bette Korber

Contributed equally to this work with: Guido Ferrari, Bette Korber

Affiliation Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

Nilu Goonetilleke

Affiliation University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom

Michael K. P. Liu

Affiliation University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom

Emma L. Turnbull

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, The Jenner Institute, Newbury, United Kingdom

Jesus F. Salazar-Gonzalez

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

Natalie Hawkins

Affiliation VID Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Steve Self

Affiliation VID Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Sydeaka Watson

Affiliations Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America, Departmental of Statistical Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America

Michael R. Betts

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Cynthia Gay

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Kara McGhee

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Pierre Pellegrino

Affiliation Centre for Sexual Health & HIV Research, Mortimer Market Centre, London, United Kingdom

Ian Williams

Affiliation Centre for Sexual Health & HIV Research, Mortimer Market Centre, London, United Kingdom

Georgia D. Tomaras

Affiliations Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Barton F. Haynes

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Clive M. Gray

Affiliation AIDS Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa

Persephone Borrow

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, The Jenner Institute, Newbury, United Kingdom

Mario Roederer

Affiliation Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Andrew J. McMichael

Affiliation University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom

Kent J. Weinhold

Affiliations Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: GF BK NG MKPL ELT GDT BFH CMG PB MR AJM KJW. Performed the experiments: GF BK NG MKPL ELT JFSG. Analyzed the data: GF BK JFSG NH SS SW MRB MR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MRB CG KM PP IW MR. Wrote the paper: GF BK NG MKPL ELT CG KM PP IW GDT BFH CMG PB MR AJM KJW. Patient recruitment and management provision of clinical data: CG KM PP IW.