About the Authors

Sandra Schwarz

Contributed equally to this work with: Sandra Schwarz, Giovanna Morelli

Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany

Giovanna Morelli

Contributed equally to this work with: Sandra Schwarz, Giovanna Morelli

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany

Barica Kusecek

Affiliation Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany

Andrea Manica

Affiliation Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Francois Balloux

Affiliation MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom

Robert J. Owen

Affiliation Campylobacter and Helicobacter Research/Reference Unit, Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London, United Kingdom

David Y. Graham

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Schalk van der Merwe

Affiliation Hepatology and Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Mark Achtman

m.achtman@ucc.ie (MA); suerbaum.sebastian@mh-hannover.de (SS)

Current address: Environmental Research Institute, Cork, Ireland

Affiliations Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, Environmental Research Institute and Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

Sebastian Suerbaum

m.achtman@ucc.ie (MA); suerbaum.sebastian@mh-hannover.de (SS)

Affiliation Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: G. Morelli, M. Achtman, S. Suerbaum. Performed the experiments: S. Schwarz, G. Morelli, B. Kusecek. Analyzed the data: S. Schwarz, G. Morelli, A. Manica, F. Balloux, M. Achtman, S. Suerbaum. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: R. Owen, D. Graham, S. van der Merwe, M. Achtman, S. Suerbaum. Wrote the paper: S. Schwarz, A. Manica, M. Achtman, S. Suerbaum.