Fermat’s Principle of Least Time Predicts Refraction of Ant Trails at Substrate Borders

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Jan Oettler ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Jan Oettler, Volker S. Schmid

* E-mail: joettler@gmail.com

Affiliation Biologie I, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
⨯
Volker S. Schmid ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Jan Oettler, Volker S. Schmid

Affiliation Biologie I, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
⨯
Niko Zankl,

Affiliation Biologie I, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Olivier Rey,

Affiliation Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des Populations, Campus international de Baillarguet, Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France
⨯
Andreas Dress,

Affiliations Chinese Academy of Sciences – Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China, infinity3 GmbH, Bielefeld, Germany
⨯
Jürgen Heinze

Affiliation Biologie I, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
⨯

Ants
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