A New Genus Bifidunguiglenea gen. nov. Is Erected for the Species Glenea gestroi Gahan (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini)

Bifidunguiglenea gen. nov. is erected for the species Glenea gestroi Gahan, 1894. Bifidunguiglenea gestroi (Gahan, 1894) comb. nov. is redescribed. The genitalia descriptions are reported for the first time and it is newly recorded from Thailand.


Introduction
Glenea Newman, 1842 is one of the largest genera of Cerambycidae, including 36 subgenera and more than 850 species (according to Mr. Tavakilian's database 'Titan 2000' and the senior author's study) [1]. Most of the subgenera were erected for a small number of species, while the Glenea subgenus Glenea defined by   [2] is extremely complex, including several very different groups which should be separated [1,3,4]. Gahan (1897) conducted an analysis ''on the structure of the tarsal claws in the genus Glenea'' [5]. He concluded that ''in the female all the claws are simple'' while in the male there were several different states. He also founded a new genus Heteroglenea for the reception of two species, G. nigromaculata Thomson and G. glechoma Pascoe for their exceptional tarsal claws [5]. In his revision of Glenea Newman, Breuning ( -1958 did not follow Gahan's concept but considered Heteroglenea as ''überflüssiger Name'', and listed it in the synonyms of Glenea (sensu stricto), which was not clearly defined [4]. Based on external structural and genitalia characters, Heteroglenea Gahan was reinstated as a valid genus and redefined, including nine valid species [4].
Glenea gestroi Gahan, 1894 was described based on a single female from Myanmar, without a description of the tarsal claws [6]. Gahan (1897) did not include this species during his analysis on the structure of the tarsal claws in the genus Glenea [5], though its claws have an even more modified structure than his Heteroglenea. Pic (1928Pic ( , 1930 also did not pay attention to the claws' structure [6,7].  synonymized Glenea luteomaculata Pic, 1928 [6] and Glenea bicoloricornis Pic, 1930 [7] with Glenea gestroi Gahan, 1894, without examining their claws and included this species in his Glenea (sensu stricto) [8]. We examined all the type specimens of the three names and a series of common specimens, and concluded that this species must be separated from Glenea Newman. Bifidunguiglenea gen. nov. is herein erected. It is possible there are more species that should be transferred from Glenea or other genera, and there might be some new species unknown to us, so this paper is far from a complete revision.
Definition. Moderately sized (around 10 mm in length, Figures 1A-D, 2A-F). Head broad with tumid eyes, frons longer than broad (male) to broader than long (female), eyes deeply concave, inferior eyelobe subequal to (male) or much narrower (female) than half of frons (in front view). Antennae longer than body length, scape slightly expanded, without a ridge, the third or fourth antennomere longest (fourth subequal to third in female). Prothorax cylindrical, without lateral pronotal spine or tubercle. Elytra subparallel (slightly narrower apically), with two obtuse lateral carinae reaching the base but not the apex, truncated apically, elytral apex with a sharp spine at the outer angle.   elongated; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved ( Figure 4N), a little longer than tegmen, internal sac with 3 rods. Female terminalia: spermathecal capsule can be divided into a basal stalk and an apical lobe (orb or ellipse), the basal stalk much longer than the apical lobe; tignum much longer than abdominal length in ventral view.
Diagnosis. Differs from Glenea Newman with claws of all the tarsi in both sexes bifid. Differs from Heteroglenea Gahan by all claws bifid (instead of only anterior claws bifid), elytron with two lateral carinae and elytral apex with sharp spine at the outer angle. The male genitalia of this genus are very different from all other saperdine members, with the lateral lobes of tegmen confluent to each other.
Remarks. Only one species is placed in this genus now, though we believe there are more species that should be removed from the genus Glenea or others and there are some undescribed species awaiting discovery. Glenea pulchella Pascoe, 1858 ( = G. vesta Pascoe, 1866) and G. vestalis Heller, 1934 have been studied and we confirm they do not belong to this genus due to simple claws in both male and female and very different genitalia structures, though the body shape and maculae are very similar to Bifidunguiglenea gestroi (Gahan, 1894).
Body reddish brown, thicky and strongly punctured. Antennae reddish brown, with first two antennomeres (always) and basal part of third antennomere (sometimes) darker. Head with lemon-yellow pubescence in front (except along the middle). Prothorax with a lemon-yellow band on each side; the upper borders of these bands are sub-parallel, so that the median dorsal space enclosed between them is nearly oblong in shape. Elytra with a basal transverse band, two large rounded spots at the middle which touch one another at the suture, two smaller spots before the apex, and two very small spots placed at the extreme apex, lemon-yellow. Mesepisternum, mesepimeron, metepisternum and lateral sides of metasternite similarly coloured ( Figures 1B, 2C, 2F). Metasternite with two black spots just anterior hind coxal cavities ( Figures 2C,  2F). Legs yellowish brown.
Head slightly broader than prothorax, feebly concave at vertex. Eyes deeply emarginate, inferior eye lobes slightly longer than (female), to 4 times as high as (male) genae below it, width subequal to (male) to much less than half of frons (female). Antennae longer than body; scape slightly thickened apically without cicatrix nor a ridge; antennomere ratio (male): 13:3:17:18:14:13:12:11:11:10:9; (female): 14:3:17:17:14:12:11:10:10:9:8. Prothorax almost as broad as long (male) or broader than long (female), swollen laterally before middle; disc convex and deeply and densely punctured. Elytra slightly narrowed apically; each with 2 humeral longitudinal ridges beginning at humeri and not reaching the apex; apices of the elytra with the inner angles slightly, the outer angles strongly and distinctly spined; surface with coarse and irregular punctures. Legs stout, hind femur reaching middle of fourth (female) to middle of fifth (male) abdominal segment, first hind tarsal segment longer than (male), or nearly as long as (female) following two segments combined. Apex of sternite VII (ventrite V) risen up with a deep and semi-circular shaped notch, filled with dense hairs (Figures 2G-H, 3F-H  except apex, ventral face filled with dense setae, with two densely haired small lobes at the base ( Figure 4G, in ventral view), apex rounded and with longer setae; ringed part elbowed in the widest portion, converging; basal piece not bifurcated distally ( Figure 4F); median lobe plus median struts moderately curved ( Figure 4N), a little longer than tegmen; the median struts about one half of the whole median lobe in length; dorsal plate not shorter than ventral plate ( Figures 3B, 4N, 4O); apex of ventral plate narrowly pointed ( Figure 4M); median foramen elongated; internal sac about 2 times as long as median lobe plus median struts in length, with 4 pieces of basal armature and 3 rods; rods each about 1.2 mm, shorter than half of tegmen. Ejaculatory duct single. Tergite VIII ( Figures 3D, 4A-B) longer than broad, apex with a protruding lobe in the middle, setae fine and short.
Female genitalia (Figures 4P-S): Tignum much longer than abdomen in ventral view. We observed a 6.7 mm tignum for an adult with a 4.3 mm abdomen in ventral view. Stylus without setae. Spermathecal duct much longer than spermathecal capsule ( Figure 4S); spermathecal gland has a strongly sclerotized broad ring ( Figure 4P); spermathecal capsule can be divided into an apical orb and a long and curved basal stalk (Figures 4P-Q).
Diagnosis. This species somewhat resembles Glenea vesta Pascoe, 1866 but may be distinguished by its paler colour; the oblong form of the dorsal median brown space of the prothorax; the presence of two distinct spots, conjoined at the suture, which are placed at the middle of the elytra, and of a small transverse or slightly oblique spot at the extreme apex of each elytron. The abdomen is almost entirely reddish brown underneath [6]. Except for the difference of color and pubescent markings mentioned by Gahan (1894), the most important difference is the structure of tarsal claws, which separates them into different genera.
Remarks. Glenea luteomaculata Pic, 1928 and Glenea bicoloricornis Pic, 1930 were synonymized with Glenea gestroi Gahan, 1894 by . We agree with Breuning after checking all the types. The Thailand material was determined by comparing their external characters and genitalia structures.
Distribution. (Map S1  The habitus photos were captured using a digital camera SONY DSC-T30. The genitalia photos were captured using same camera coupled to a Leica stereomicro-scope S8APO. Photos were edited using Adobe Photoshop CS2.

Nomenclatural Acts
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