Fig 1.
79 AD eruption victim (Collegium Augustalium, Herculaneum).
The body's features are outlined with the sketch drawn at the time of the discovery (1961). The posterior part of the skull (the occipital bone and part of the parietals) had completely exploded, leaving the inner part visible. A. Vitrified brain fragment collected from the inner part of the skull; B. Vitrified spinal cord fragment from the spine (SEM, scale bars in mm).
Fig 2.
Structures of the central nervous system.
A, SEM image of brain axons. B, SEM image of spinal cord axons (green) intercepting cell bodies and sheath-shaped structures (yellow and orange) (scale bars in micron).
Table 1.
Measures of diameter (μm) and mean area (μm2) of cells from the spinal cord fragment showed in Fig 1B.
A. Cell classification in three groups based on different size; B. Mean diameter and mean area of the three groups of cells.
Table 2.
Measures of mean diameter of the axons in brain and spinal cord.
Fig 3.
Myelinated axon from the brain tissue.
A. Axon system and close view of a single axon unity (B) (SEM, scale bar in nm); C. Neural network elaboration of image B; D. Enlargement of image B (white box) showing several lamellae (a, b, c, d) of compact myelin; E. Schematic representation of a myelinated axon with compact multilamellar myelin [36].
Fig 4.
Neuronal cell from the spinal cord.
A. A cell with an axon is bordered by the membrane. The cytoplasm is filled with filamentous structures; B. Neural network elaboration of SEM image B (white box). The cell cytoplasm shows a pile of tubular structures similar to microtubules (SEM, scale bars in micron).
Fig 5.
Images of gene expression profiles of ATP6V1F, HMGCR, KIF26B, IWS1, MED13L, WDR13 and RPS17 obtained from the Allen Brain Atlas database (https://www.proteinatlas.org/).
A. The panel of diagrams shows the expression distribution across brain regions depicted by average expression for each region. Color coding is based on the brain subregions regions shown in B. Expression data were reported as mean pTPM (protein-coding transcripts per million) corresponding to mean values of the different individual samples for respective subregion; B. Midsagittal schematic of the different regions of the human brain.
Fig 6.
Images of sub-cellular and cellular localization of KIF26B were obtained from the Allen Brain Atlas database (https://www.proteinatlas.org/).
A. Localization of KIF26B in microtubules and plasma membrane of human cell line U-2 OS; B. Cell component diagram; C. KIF26B signals in the human cerebellum (Purkinje cells and granular layer cells).