Table 1.
Centers of the chosen locations.
Fig 1.
Comparison between onshore and offshore Wind Turbines based on Height and rated power.
Adapted and redrawn from [22].
Fig 2.
Different types of offshore platforms.
Adapted and Redrawn by the authors based on [7].
Fig 3.
Wind speed at 100 m height along the north of Algeria and the Exclusive Economic Zone.
Produced by the authors using QGIS and Global Wind Atlas and Marine Regions datasets.
Fig 4.
Wind Power Density at 100 m height along the north of Algeria and the Exclusive Economic Zone.
Produced by the authors using QGIS and Global Wind Atlas and Marine Regions datasets.
Table 2.
Global wind Atlas data.
Fig 5.
Offshore wind farm candidate zones: Wind speed (m/s) (left) and Bathymetry(m) (right).
(a) Zone 01, (b) Zone 02, (c) Zone 03, (d) Zone 04. Produced by the authors using Global Wind Atlas, Marine Regions and public bathymetry datasets.
Fig 6.
Annual wind roses at 100m height for the selected offshore candidate zones.
(2019-2020-2021): (a) Zone 01, (b) Zone 02, (c) Zone 03, (d) Zone 04. Produced by the authors, wind direction and speed data derived from ERA5 reanalysis.
Table 3.
Bathymetry classes of the of the chosen locations.
Table 4.
ERA5 annual mean wind speed of the chosen locations.
Fig 7.
Statistical distribution of the wave height.
Adapted and redrawn from [33].
Fig 8.
Spatial distribution of significant wave height in the Algerian Exclusive Economic Zone.
Produced by the authors in QGIS, Data derived from Copernicus Marine Service and Marine Regions datasets.
Fig 9.
Three-parameter Weibull wind speed distributions at 100 m height for the selected offshore candidate zones (2019-2020-2021).
Produced by the authors in MATLAB. Data derived from ERA5 reanalysis.
Table 5.
Three parameter Weibull P.D.F parameters at 100 m and evaluation of the fitting (2019-2020-2021).
Table 6.
Annual mean temperature, relative humidity and air density Corrected to 100 m (2019-2020-2021).
Table 7.
Atmospheric stability indices criteria and wind shear exponent.
Table 8.
Wind shears exponent values for each location.
Table 9.
Main information of the chosen candidate wind turbines [25,26].
Fig 10.
Power output curves and power coefficient (Cp) characteristics of the selected wind turbine models.
Replotted by the authors in MATLAB using manufacturer-provided turbine performance data in [25,26].
Fig 11.
Conceptual subdivision of the rotor swept area.
Adapted and redrawn from [46].
Table 10.
Centers heights and rotor bottom and upper points of the studied wind turbines.
Table 11.
Wind speeds at the hub high and the equivalent wind speed for each wind turbine.
Table 12.
Corrected annual mean equivalent wind speed due to air density at hub high (2019-2020-2021).
Table 13.
Mean output power (kW)and capacity factor (%).
Fig 12.
Average annual net AEP the studied turbines in each zone.
Produced by the authors in MATLAB.
Fig 13.
Average capacity factor of the studied wind turbines in each zone.
Produced by the authors in MATLAB.