Table 1.
Migraine cases and age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and Years Lived with Disability rate in all age groups in China in 2021.
Fig 1.
Age-specific counts and age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and YLDs of migraine in China in 2021.
(A) Prevalence in specific age groups. (B) Age-standardized prevalence. (C) Incidence in specific age groups. (D) Age-standardized incidence. (E) YLDS in specific age groups. (F) Age-standardized YLDS. incidence rose from early childhood (5-9 years), peaked in the 30-39 age group, and declined after age 60, with females consistently showing a higher burden than males.
Table 2.
Trends in the joint regression analysis of age-standardized incidence rates, prevalence rates, and years lived with disability rates for all genders, men and women in China from 1990 to 2021.
Fig 2.
Population level determinants of population growth, aging and epidemiological changes in Chinese from 1990 to 20221 on migraine incidence.
(A) Contribution of population growth, aging, and epidemiological change to migraine incidence. (B) Contribution of population growth, aging, and epidemiological change to migraine prevalence. (C) Contribution of population growth, aging, and epidemiological change to YLDs rate. Population growth was the major driver of increasing incidence, while aging had limited impact. Epidemiological changes contributed modestly, with stronger effects observed among females.
Fig 3.
Effects of age, period, and cohort on the rate of YLDs in migraine.
The age effect showed the heaviest burden in young and middle-aged adults, the period effect indicated rising YLDS after 2005, and the cohort effect revealed higher burdens in more recent birth cohorts, especially post-1990.