Fig 1.
The measurement of TLF with ultrasound.
1A: location of transducer; 1B: TLF thickness measurement under B-mode; 1C: TLF stiffness measurement under shear wave elastography mode. Abbreviations: TLF = thoracolumbar fascia; B-mode = bright mode.
Fig 2.
Comparison of TLF thickness and stiffness in weightlifters with and without chronic LBP.
a: comparison of thickness using ANCOVAs with age, BMI, and years of training as covariates; b: comparison of stiffness with independent t-tests. Abbreviations: LBP = low back pain; TLF = thoracolumbar fascia; BMI = body mass index. *: p < 0.05.
Table 1.
Demographics of included participants (mean ± SD).
Table 2.
Thickness and stiffness of TLF in weightlifters with and without LBP (mean ± SD).
Fig 3.
The stiffness of bilateral TLF in weightlifters with and without LBP.
Comparison of TLF stiffness between dominant and non-dominant sides in the non-LBP group and in the LBP group, respectively. Abbreviations: LBP = low back pain.