Fig 1.
Flow diagram showing study sample screening.
Table 1.
Prevalence of overweight or obesity by socio-demographic factors.
Fig 2.
Distribution of observed prevalence of overweight or obesity in Tanzania for women in 2010, 2015, and 2022, and for Men in 2022.
Each circle represents a sampled and georeferenced cluster. The maps were created by the authors using R version 4.3.3. The shapefile was sourced from Natural Earth Data (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/), which is available under a public domain license (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/), and was accessed through the rnaturalearth R package.
Fig 3.
Spatial and temporal trends in subnational estimates of prevalence of overweight or obesity in peoples aged 15-49 years.
Top row: Interpolated prevalence of overweight and obesity. Bottom row: Areas of high prevalence (≥ 80th percentile or top quintile, equivalent to prevalence ≥ 29.39% or hotspot). Columns 1 to 3 present prevalence and areas of high prevalence estimates for women and column 4 present estimates for men. These maps were created by the authors in R (version 4.3.3) using a shapefile from Natural Earth Data (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/) accessed via the rnaturalearth package.
Table 2.
Adjusted prevalence ratios of overweight and obesity to show association between the outcome and factors.
Fig 4.
Spatial distribution of crude(unadjusted) and adjusted prevalence ratios of overweight or obesity for women in DHS 2010 (Row 1), DHS 2015−16 (Row 2), and DHS 2022 (Row 3), and for men in DHS 2022 (Row 4).
Contour lines indicate areas of significantly increased or decreased prevalence ratios. These maps were created by the authors in R (version 4.3.3) using a shapefile from Natural Earth Data (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/) accessed via the rnaturalearth package.
Fig 5.
Contribution of each risk factor to the spatial distribution of the risk of overweight or obesity in women aged between 15 and 49 years for DHS 2010 (column 1), DHS 2015−16(column 2), and DHS 2022 (column 3).
Contour line indicates areas of significantly increased or decreased prevalence ratios. These maps were created by the authors in R (version 4.3.3) using a shapefile from Natural Earth Data (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/) accessed via the rnaturalearth package.
Fig 6.
Contribution of each risk factor to the spatial distribution of overweight and obesity in men aged between 15 and 49 years for DHS 2022.
Contour line indicates areas of significantly increased or decreased prevalence ratios. These maps were created by the authors in R (version 4.3.3) using a shapefile from Natural Earth Data (https://www.naturalearthdata.com/) accessed via the rnaturalearth R package.