Fig 1.
Map of the central China.
Table 1.
Index system of NU.
Table 2.
Index system of WER.
Table 3.
Descriptive statistical results.
Table 4.
Estimation results of dynamic panel model.
Table 5.
Estimated results of robustness test.
Table 6.
Threshold effect test.
Table 7.
Regression results of threshold effect.
Table 8.
Impact of NU and intermediary variables on WER.
Table 9.
Impact of NU on intermediary variables (regions with lower levels of NU).
Table 10.
Impact of NU on intermediary variables (regions with higher levels of NU).
Table 11.
Results of difference-in-difference estimation.
Table 12.
Estimated results of robustness test.