Fig 1.
Stern double layer model.
Fig 2.
(a) Pure oil, (b) 0.01g/L Nanofluid.
Table 1.
Parametric specifications of #45 transformer oil.
Table 2.
Parametric specifications of TiO2 nanoparticles.
Fig 3.
SEM analyses of TiO2 nanoparticles.
(a) SEM MAG: 50kx, (b) SEM MAG: 200kx.
Fig 4.
FJ-JYY80KV insulation oil pressure tester.
Fig 5.
Insulation oil withstands voltage tester.
Fig 6.
Test oil cup and electrode physical diagram.
Fig 7.
The fitting results of WEIBULL function under low water content.
Fig 8.
The fitting results of WEIBULL function under medium water content.
Fig 9.
The fitting results of WEIBULL function under high water content.
Table 3.
Statistical results of breakdown voltage under different breakdown probabilities.
Table 4.
Parameter fitting values in the WEIBULL function.
Fig 10.
WEIBULL function fitting results of -30°C and -20°C test data.
Fig 11.
WEIBULL function fitting results of -10°C and 0°C test data.
Fig 12.
WEIBULL function fitting results of 10°C and 20°C test data.
Fig 13.
Curves of resistivity versus temperature for different oil samples.
(a) Resistivity versus temperature curve for transformer oil, (b) Resistivity versus temperature curve for nanofluid.
Fig 14.
Two-dimensional model diagram of sphere plate electrode.
Fig 15.
Trajectory of nanoparticles.
Fig 16.
The saturated charge of TiO2 nanoparticles.
Fig 17.
Trajectory of nanoparticles at an applied voltage of 20 kV.
Fig 18.
Trajectory of nanoparticles at an applied voltage of 50 kV.
Fig 19.
Trajectory of nanoparticles at an applied voltage of 80 kV.
Fig 20.
Motion velocity of TiO2 nanoparticles.
Fig 21.
Velocity of TiO2 nanoparticles below 70 kV.
Fig 22.
Motion trajectory of nanoparticles under an applied voltage of 80 kV alternating current.