Fig 1.
Modified CONSORT diagram of enrollment.
Modified CONSORT diagram illustrating the disposition of study participants. Illustrated are the number of patients who were enrolled in the study, who underwent baseline testing, who underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy, who underwent follow-up testing after 20, 40, and/or 60 treatments, and who were therefore including in the analysis.
Table 1.
Descriptive analysis of patients included in the current study.
Table 2.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy details and complications.
Fig 2.
Pulmonary function testing before and during hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Measurements of pulmonary function before (n = 86) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 81), 40 (n = 52), and 60 (n = 12) treatment sessions. Circles, triangles, and squares represent cohort means of FEV1%, FVC%, and FEF25-75% at each timepoint, and bars delineate a confidence limit of 95%. Abbreviations: FEV1% = percentage of predicted forced expiration volume in one second; FVC% = percentage of predicted forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% = percentage of predicted mid-expiratory flow.
Fig 3.
Pulmonary function testing in patients stratified by pre-existing respiratory disease before and during hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Measurements of pulmonary function among patients stratified by pulmonary disease. Circles represent patients without known pulmonary disease before (n = 72) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 67), 40 (n = 41), and 60 (n = 12) treatment sessions, and triangles represent patients with pre-existing respiratory disease before (n = 14) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 14) and 40 (n = 11) treatment sessions. FEV1% is represented in panel A, FVC% in panel B, and FEF25-75% in panel C. Points represent subgroup means at each timepoint, and bars delineate a confidence limit of 95%. Abbreviations: FEV1% = percentage of predicted forced expiration volume in one second; FVC% = percentage of predicted forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% = percentage of predicted mid-expiratory flow.
Fig 4.
Pulmonary function testing in patients stratified by smoking status before and during hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Measurements of pulmonary function among patients stratified by smoking status. Circles represent patients who currently smoked at the time of treatment, triangles represent patients who denied any significant smoking history, and squares represent patients who formerly smoked but identified as having quit. The plots illustrate pulmonary function testing among these three subgroups, respectively, before (n = 23, 47, 16) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 23, 44, 14), 40 (n = 10, 31, 11), and 60 (n = 1, 10, 1) treatment sessions. FEV1% is represented in panel A, FVC% in panel B, and FEF25-75% in panel C. Points represent subgroup means at each timepoint, and bars delineate a confidence limit of 95%. Abbreviations: FEV1% = percentage of predicted forced expiration volume in one second; FVC% = percentage of predicted forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% = percentage of predicted mid-expiratory flow.
Fig 5.
Pulmonary function testing in patients before and during hyperbaric oxygen therapy at different pressures.
Measurements of pulmonary function among patients stratified by treatment pressure. Circles represent patients treated at 2.0 ATA before (n = 37) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 35), 40 (n = 20), and 60 (n = 6) treatment sessions, and triangles represent patients treated at 2.4 ATA before (n = 49) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Pre-HBOT) and after 20 (n = 46), 40 (n = 32), and 60 (n = 6) treatment sessions. FEV1% is represented in panel A, FVC% in panel B, and FEF25-75% in panel C. Points represent subgroup means at each timepoint, and bars delineate a confidence limit of 95%. Abbreviations: FEV1% = percentage of predicted forced expiration volume in one second; FVC% = percentage of predicted forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% = percentage of predicted mid-expiratory flow.